“自由貿易港”概念定義與辨析

A Study on the Concept of Free Trade Port

國際上自由貿易港的定義強調“境內關外”“地理優勢”“通關便利”“貿易自由”等基本特徵。其與自由貿易園區、出口加工區、轉運地區等自由經濟區域的共同點在於商品進出口的稅收優惠政策，但因運作規則、目的功能等差异形成各具特色的相對固定模式。中國語境下的“自由貿易港”是較“自由貿易試驗區”選址側重不同、自由化程度更高、行政程序更精簡、政策優惠力度更大、功能更多元、覆蓋產業更全面的自由經濟區域。

In the global context, the definition of free trade port focuses on basic features of “ inside the territory and outside the custom”, “ geographical advantages”, “ convenience for custom clearance” and “ free trade”. The common ground of the free trade port and free economic zone like the free trade area, the export processing zone and the transit zone etc. lies in the preferential tax policy for the import and export of commodity. They form relatively fixed modes of respective characteristics for their different operating rules and objective functions. The “free trade port” in Chinese context, compared with “pilot free trade zone”, is a free economic zone of different concentration of location, higher level of liberalization, simpler administrative procedures, better preferential policies, more diversified functions and larger coverage of industries.