《金瓶梅》中的相命預言

The prophecy of “Jin Ping Mei”

《金瓶梅》中相命預言的情節主要出現在第29回吴神仙相面、第46回妻妾卜龜、第6回葉頭陀相陳經濟等章回；其中以第29回吴神仙出場為眾主角相面的篇幅最長，對整本《金瓶梅》人物的性格、命運都達到了提綱挈領的功效，更透露了作者對書中人物的褒貶與價值觀。本論文欲對《金瓶梅》中相命預言的章回作一內容的爬梳，透過分類整理的方式，來探究作者創作相命預言情節的背景因素與欲達到的目的，更進一步藉以反映作者對《金瓶梅》全書的創作態度與旨趣。研究後可歸納出，《金瓶梅》創作相命預言情節的主要背景因素有二：其一，在「擬話本」的體裁下，以玄怪類小說「預敘懸念」的寫法，勾起讀者的好奇心。其二，以當時社會的民俗生活中各種相術占卜方法，反映出的迷信氛圍，來塑造使讀者盡信的果報觀。而《金瓶梅》創作相命預言情節的目的有三：其一，揭露小說中隱而不彰的人物性格。其二，為人物將來的命運，作出準確的預言，呈現命運與果報的必然性。其三，作者借相命者之口，來褒貶書中人物的貴賤，並演繹因果報應的價值觀。

The mainly prophetic plots of Jin Ping Mei Appeared in chapter 29 Face fortune teller Wu Shen Xian, chapter 46 Wife and concubine divination by tortoise, and chapter 96 Yehtoutuo fortune-telling Chen jingjiu ; And chapter 29 is the longest space that describes the appearance of Wu Shen Xian for face fortune-telling to all main character, it's not only the whole ''Jin Ping Mei'' roles character, fate have reached the outline of the effect of pulling out, but also revealed the author of the book's praise and values. This Study wants to make a content of the chapter in ''Jin Ping Mei''prophecy, Through the sorting ways to explore the background and purpose that author creates prophetic plot, further reflect the author's attitude and purport in ''Jin Ping Mei'' creation. This Study summarizes two main background factors of ''Jin Ping Mei'' creation of prophetic plot: First, under the genre of ''introspective'', to curse reader's curiosity by the''pre-suspence''writing of the mysterious novels. Second, to the social life of the community in a variety of divination methods reflect the superstition atmosphere, to shape thereader values of causal retribution in trust. And summarizes three purposes of ''Jin Ping Mei'' creation of prophetic plot: First, revealing the hidden role's character in the novel. Second, for the future of the roles, to make accurate prophecy, showing the inevitability of fate and karma. Third, the author praises or depreciates the wealth or humility of the roles in the book and deduces the values of karma by the mouth of fortune teller.