運動代表隊風險管理與危機處理之探討

Discussion on Risk Management and Crisis Management of Sports Team

現今無論在各領域都相當強調風險管理與危機處理的重要性。風險與危機無所不在，前者著重於事前的預防，後者著重在事後的補救。相較於其他團體，運動本身就充滿了風險與危機，其中運動代表隊更容易有風險與危機的發生。運動代表隊是運動場域中核心角色，經常需要進行高強度訓練，以及參與激烈、充滿不確定性的競賽，因此，運動代表隊之風險管理與危機處理極為重要。運動代表隊最常見之風險發生在訓練與競賽期間，故教練、教師與相關行政人員之相關專業訓練攸關防範之核心。本文將透過「人」、「事」、「時」、「地」、「物」這五大面向，從運動代表隊之風險來源及其預防措施，並提供運動代表隊危機處理之建議，包括：「溝通與管理」雙管齊下、在「第一時間」對的回應、決定並判斷「利益關係人」的溝通優先序與控制「發展」狀況、負起應有的「責任」等五項原則。希冀透過本文得以提供實務參考，藉此維護運動代表隊進行比賽及訓練環境之安全品質，有效發揮風險管理與危機處理之功能。

Nowadays, the importance of risk management and crisis management is emphasized in all areas. Risks and danger are everywhere, with the former focusing on the prevention before accidents happened and the latter focusing on the remedies after accidents happened. Compared with other groups, sport is full of risks and danger, and the sports team is more likely to meet the risks and danger. The sports team is the core role in the sports field. They require high-intensity training and participation in fierce and uncertain competitions. Therefore, the risk management and crisis management of the sports team are extremely important. The most common risks of the sports team occur during training and competition, so the professional training of coaches, teachers are at the core of prevention. This article will use five major aspects of ＂Who＂, ＂What＂, ＂When＂, ＂Where＂ and ＂Which＂ from the risk source of the sports team and its preventive measures, and provide suggestions for the handling of the sports team crisis, including five principles such as ＂Communication and Management＂ two ways together to respond to the ＂first period＂, and determining the communication priorities of the ＂interested stakeholders＂ and controlling the ＂development＂ of status and taking the ＂responsibilities＂. We hope can provide reference through this article to maintain the safety and quality of the sports team in the competition and training, and to play the role of risk management and crisis management effectively.