吳何以亡──陸機〈辨亡論〉研究

How did Wu Fall - Lu Ji's ＂Disquisition on the Fall of a State＂

〈辨亡論〉一向被認為是陸機在吳亡後入晉前寫的作品，但是從陸雲寫給陸機的信就可以看到，它不僅是對賈誼〈過秦論〉的模仿，也同陸機計劃編寫的《吳書》有很密切的關係。元康八年前後，陸機為著作郎，參與西晉官方組織的晉史修纂，同時他也在與陸雲反覆討論如何寫出貫徹他們吳人視角的《吳書》，而最後定稿的〈辨亡論〉，就是這部未完成的《吳書》的總論。

The ＂Bian wang lun＂ 辨亡論 (Disquisition on the Fall of a State) has historically been regarded as having been written by Lu Ji 陸機 before the fall of Wu 吳 and the beginning of Jin 晉. However, from a letter written by Lu Ji's brother, Lu Yun 陸雲, it can be discerned that Lu Yun regarded this disquisition as belonging to both the genre of Jia Yi's 賈誼 ＂Guo Qin lun＂ 過秦論 (Disquisition Finding Fault with Qin) and a work closely related to Lu Ji's planned writing of Wu shu 吳書 (the Book of Wu). Throughout the eighth year of the Yuankang 元康 Reign (299), Lu Ji, in his capacity as Editorial Director, attended to his official duties in compiling dynastic histories at court. At the same time, Lu Ji and his brother were engaged in a public debate over how a history that included the perspective of the state of Wu could be incorporated into this compilation process. The final version of the ＂Disquisition on the Fall of a State＂ constitutes the general summary to this unfinished Book of Wu.