書院與木雕版在東亞儒家知識的傳播：越南教育家阮輝及其1766－1767年出使中國的案例研究

Academies and Woodblocks in the Dissemination of Confucian Knowledge in East Asia: A Case Study of Vietnamese Educationist Nguyễn Huy Oánh and his Diplomatic Mission to China from 1766

越南十八世紀後半期，阮輝瑩與阮輝家族的士大夫建立福江書院，是越南最有名的儒家私塾之一。阮輝瑩於北使時間（1766－1767）接觸中國的十一所書院，其中嶽麓書院的教育模式給阮輝瑩留下深刻的一筆，但在出使之前，阮輝瑩已經舉辦過一些類似書院的活動，如建學校、組織編撰、刻印、傳播、收藏教育資料、買學田等。肯定的是，阮輝瑩出使回國後，選擇性地接受嶽麓書院模式，並將其運用在福江書院的運作上，使得位於越南中部儒學教育還不甚發達、遠遠不及北方的儒學教育的福江書院，成為越南當時最大的私塾教育場所。

In the second half of the eighteenth century, Nguyễn Huy Oánh阮輝瑩 along with scholars from the Nguyễn Huy 阮輝 clan founded Phúc Giang Academy 福江書院, one of the most famous Confucian academies of the day in Vietnam. Nguyễn Huy Oánh visited eleven academies 書院[shuyuan] on his diplomatic mission to China from 1766 to 1767. Among the academies, education methods in Yuelu Academy 嶽麓書院 impressed him the most. Prior to his diplomatic mission to China, Nguyễn Huy Oánh, however, had held some academic activities in Vietnam such as opening a school, organizing compilations, making woodblock prints, disseminating education, archiving educational materials, and purchasing land (the income from which was used to support a school) etc. To be sure, Nguyễn Huy Oánh after his return from China selectively adopted education methods of Yuelu Academy to manage Phúc Giang Academy. The academy was located in central Vietnam where Confucian education was far behind that in Northern Vietnam and underdeveloped. As a result of Nguyễn's operation, Phúc Giang Academy became the largest private educational institution of the day in Vietnam.