台江國家公園四草濕地生境格局與生態系統服務價值之時空變遷分析

The Spatial-Temporal Change Between Wetland Biotope Patterns and Ecosystem Service Values in the Sichao Wetland at Taijiang National Park

濕地稱為「大地之腎」，可過濾與涵養水源，擁有豐富生態系統服務，然因都市化及環境變遷，衝擊其生態系統服務之功能。四草濕地位在台江國家公園，雖具自然、歷史與產業特色，卻仍面臨濕地保育、觀光旅遊及社區居民生活的衝突。為強化國家公園遊憩空間之生態價值，本研究以生境及生態系統服務為理論基礎，透過繪製生境地圖、建構濕地生境價值指標與時空變遷分析等方法，探討台江四草濕地生境格局、生態系統服務價值及時空變化。研究結果顯示台江四草濕地之整體優良生境格局面積及其價值呈現減少狀態。未來在進行濕地保育時，應優先保留價值高的生境，並改善價值低之生境環境。本研究結果可作為溼地保育規劃及管理之參考。 Wetlands are called the “Kidneys of the Earth” because they filter and conserve water resources, as well as provide high productivity and valuable ecosystem services. Yet, coastal and wetland ecosystems have been degrading due to urbanization, environmental change, and industrial and economic development. Sichao Wetland, which is located in Taijiang National Park, has unique natural, historical, cultural, and industrial characteristics, but is now facing conflicts between wetland preservation, tourism development, and local residents' daily activities. To increase the ecological value of the recreational spaces in the national park, we used theories from biotope, ecosystem services, and landscape ecology to analyze the biotope pattern in Sichao Wetland. Ecosystem services and spatial-temporal changes were analyzed by biotope mapping and biotope value evaluation. The results show that the size of the area with a healthy biotope in Sichao Wetland and its value were decreasing. This research suggests that preserving high-value biotope areas and improving the low-value biotope areas should be the first priority for wetlands conservation planning in national parks. This study identified the impact of land-use management on landscape biotopes and ecosystem service systems and provided suggestions regarding the governance of Taijiang National Park.