冠狀動脈心臟病住院病人戒菸行為相關因素之研究

Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation Among Hospitalized Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

背景：吸菸與冠狀動脈心臟病息息相關，是造成冠狀動脈心臟病的危險因子之一，而吸菸是人類社會普遍存在的一種成癮性行為，藉由瞭解影響戒菸的因素將有助於吸菸者戒菸。目的：探討冠狀動脈心臟病住院病人戒菸行為之影響因素。方法：採橫斷式研究，研究對象為台灣北部某醫學中心年滿二十歲（含）以上有吸菸經驗之122名冠狀動脈心臟病住院病人，以自填式問卷收集資料。結果：研究對象以46-65歲、菸齡21-30年、吸菸量11-20支、中度尼古丁成癮者居多，其戒菸行為不會受到人口學變項、吸菸相關變項、及疾病嚴重度的不同而有影響。社會支持的程度可以有效影響戒菸行為，功能性構面中的評價性支持得分最高，對象性構面中的家庭成員給予的社會支持得分最高，而情緒性支持、評價性支持和家庭成員支持均與戒菸行為之間達到統計上的顯著差異（p＜.05），尤其是在家庭成員的情緒性（p＜.05）、評價性（p＜.05）及實質性（p＜.05）支持皆有明顯的影響，且以考慮一個月內戒菸者及已戒菸者受到社會支持的影響為最大。結論：戒菸行為是動態的過程，依據不同的戒菸階段、結合重要對象給予不同的社會支持和教育宣導，將有助於冠狀動脈心臟病住院病人成功戒菸。

oking is a common addictive behavior in human society, understanding the factors behind the process of smoking cessation will aid current smokers in quitting. Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the influences that motivated inpatients with coronary heart disease to quit smoking. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, inpatients with coronary heart disease were surveyed in a northern Taiwanese hospital. The 122 participants of the study were above 20 years of age (inclusive) and had a history of smoking. The information was gathered with a self-reporting questionnaire. Results: The subjects of the study were mostly aged between 46-65, had been smoking for 21-30 years, smoked 11-20 cigarettes a day, and had an intermediate level of nicotine addiction. The behavior of smoking cessation among the subjects was no significant difference with demographic variables, smoking-related variables, and the severity of the disease. According to the four functions of social support, appraisal support ranked the highest, and the most common source of support was the family members. There were significant differences (p＜.05) between the smoking cessation and emotional support, appraisal support and support from family members（p＜.05, respectively）. Especially, there were significant influences in the emotional support（p＜.05）, appraisal support（p＜.05） and tangible support（p ＜.05） from family members. The subjects who considered quitting within one month or who successfully quit were found to benefit from social support mostly. Conclusion: Smoking cessation is an active process. At different stages, the target person should be given different types of social support and education in order to aid the target person in achieving his or her goal.