職業運動員人才契約的道德條款──以美國四大職業運動聯盟及中華職棒大聯盟為中心

Morals Clauses in Professional Athletes' Talent Contracts -Focusing on the “Big Four＂ of the United States and the Chinese Professional Baseball League of Taiwan

本文從美國運動員人才契約中道德條款的需求起源出發，分析整理經典案例，進而從數十年來的推演，歸結道德條款的本質與樣貌。並參酌美國四大職業運動球員標準合約與中華職棒選手合約中的道德條款，輔以我國相關案例，提出具衡平特色的道德條款審查基準；以供相關爭議進入仲裁或訴訟程序後，作為仲裁人或法官論斷時的審查依據。亦可供球團、贊助商與運動員在磋商道德條款時作為參考，平等地制訂可確實預見規制範圍並足能遵守的道德條款。 This article traces back to the initial necessity of morals clauses, figuring out the nature and feature of morals clauses by analyzing classic precedents in the United States and in Taiwan. Besides, by comparing the Uniform/Standard Player's Contract of “Big Four＂ and the Player's Contract of Chinese Professional Baseball League, this article also provides arbitrators and judges with a relatively equitable standard of review to balance, in particular, the unequal bargaining power between the Business and the Professional Athlete. Also, this article is eligible to be the reference for Clubs/Sponsors and Players/Endorsers to equally negotiate foreseeable and enforceable morals clauses that are authentically considering the interests of both parties.