比較南社與瀛社面對新、舊文化交鋒的抉擇與取向－－兼論謝雪漁對自我認同鏡像的建構

Comparing Nan She and Ying She's Point of Views against New and Old Cultures － also discussing Xie Xue Yu's self recognition establishment process

本文裏比較南北兩大詩社瀛社與南社，面對新、舊文化交鋒的局勢，各自選擇的文化取向，發現瀛社接受新文明的態度較開放，南社則趨於傳統而守舊。再者「斷髮」文明風由北往南吹的新趨勢，間接地使瀛社、南社更緊密的聯結，這打破了過去傳統詩社地域分明的情勢，詩社受到新文化訊息的交流，建立更密集的聯絡網絡，助長了臺灣詩社舉辦聯吟會的動力。透過南社與瀛社文化取向的比較，可知日治初期傳統文人即面臨文化抉擇的問題。為此，筆者以跨越南社、瀛社的謝雪漁為例，探析他作品中的臺南傳統文人，再對應拉康「鏡像認同」理論，以釐清他被外向社會吸引再回返自我形塑的理路。臺灣傳統文人當中，臺南人的守舊風氣，使得他們保留了典型性的傳統形象，這從謝雪漁詩中映現臺南故舊親友的身影即可知悉，而這「傳統性」的血液隱隱伏流在謝雪漁身上，並且他們成為謝雪漁心中原始之我的基源形象。之後他移居臺北「現代性」的訊息刺激了他的學習動力，也開拓了他的文化視野，並且隨著應世本能反映出來。因此，曾任記者的謝雪漁，身處傳播新文明知識的行列中，實際付出行動以言論影響社會，期望將新文明向社會傳播，這是他為迎合現實而形塑「我」的社會鏡像。另方面，他受到原始之我的召喚，使得他後期重新回歸對傳統文學的認同建構，藉著新文明的知識性思惟重新詮釋傳統文學、建構傳統文學，而這傳統性的重返，正是他早年接受漢儒教養的原型認同。 This study compares two major South and North poetry association, Nan She and Ying She's attitudes towards new and old cultures. It is discovered that Ying She has rather open attitude towards new culture; and Nan She is more conservative. Furthermore, 'short hair' culture had become new trend in North then to South which brings closer ties to Nan She and Nan She. This had broke past tradition that had clear location barrier for poetry associations and pushed more intense cultural interactions; moreover, it established more intensive network connections and encouraged Taiwan Poetry Association to hold more relevant gathering events. By investigating Nan She and Ying She cultural orientation, it is known that initial period of Japanese Occupation poets had encountered dilemma against cultural orientation. For this, this study selected Xie Xue Yu that specialized in both Nan She and Ying She theory and investigated further into his works as traditional Tainan poet. Using Jacques Lacan 'Mirror Stage' theory, it explains how he was influenced by outside society then drawn back to self-modeling pattern. Amongst Taiwan traditional style poets, for those from Taiwan are rather conservative and tend to reserve typical traditional model that can be found around their family and friends from Tainan. Xie Xue Yu is also inherited with this 'traditional' character that had become his internal image in his heart. Later he moved to Taipei, 'modernized' image had stimulated his motive to learn further, as well as it expands his cultural prospective and grows within his heart. Hence, as Xie Xue Yu was once a journalist responsible for transmitting new cultural knowledge in writing, expecting to transmit to the society the new culture is his goal to build 'self' in order to fit in the society. On the other hand, he is also influenced by his primitive self; therefore, towards the end of his time, he sought to construct recognition in traditional literature. By re-interpreting traditional literature with new cultural thought and building traditional literature, he integrated traditional literature elements in his works that he received education in early years regarding Han and Confucius works.