教科書中美好生活概念之分析：以國小國語課文主角人物為例

The Concept of Good Life in Mandarin Chinese Textbooks: Content Analysis Based on Main Characters

本研究旨在探討國小國語教科書中主角人物所呈現的美好生活概念之內涵。本研究選取康軒、翰林、南一三個版本國語教科書中的主角人物，並以心理學家King的研究架構為基礎，發展出「美好生活概念類目表」，以分析國語教科書主角人物所展現的美好生活要素。本研究發現：在國語課文中，透過主角人物的描述，呈現的美好生活要素以「意義」與「快樂」出現比率最高，「努力」、「工作成就感」和「人際滿足感」次之，「金錢」則是最低。其次，教科書中對主角人物的描述也偏重在「重視滿足」、「實現目標」、「淡泊名利」、「勤奮不懈」、「獲得重要專業成就」、「重視社會公眾」的層面，顯示出積極正向、道德至善的美好生活觀，但在多元價值和真實生活上的連繫上較薄弱。根據本研究結果提出建議做為國語教科書編輯者、教學現場教師與未來研究之參考。 The purpose of this study was to analyze the concept of good life presented by the main characters in Mandarin Chinese textbooks. Based on King’s research framework on good life, this study developed a coding scheme as a tool to conduct analysis on textbooks. The main results of this study included: (1) The most prevalent elements of good life found from the description of main characters in textbooks were meaning and happiness, followed by effort, work fulfillment and relationship fulfillment. Money was significantly underrepresented among all the elements of good life. (2) Textbooks tended to emphasize good life with gratification, realization of the goal, hard work, having significant professional achievement and commitment to the society, but paid less attention to money (3) Overall, textbooks showed an inclination to highly positive stand and moral concerns regarding to presenting idea of good life to young learners, resulting in a weak connection of these diverse values with daily life. Finally, based on the findings, suggestions were proposed to textbook editors, school teachers and researchers.