台灣寵物店花栗鼠的物種鑑定

Identification of Chipmunks Sold in Pet Shops of Taiwan

花栗鼠屬（Tamias）動物並非台灣原生的物種，卻於水族寵物店中普遍出現。為鑑定目前市售的花栗鼠種類，以粒線體DNA細胞色素b基因序列為標記，將從台灣北、中、南、東6縣市寵物店及飼主共取得的13隻花栗鼠與從GenBank下載分屬23種花栗鼠的25條序列資料進行比對。藉由鄰聚法與K2P分子取代模式的分析，花栗鼠屬動物在親緣關係上可區分為3大支系，來自台灣市售的花栗鼠與西伯利亞花栗鼠（T. sibiricus）的關係最為相近，屬同一支系。在遺傳距離比較上，台灣的樣本也與西伯利亞花栗鼠最近，與其他花栗鼠較遠，因此本研究所獲之台灣市售花栗鼠可視為西伯利亞花栗鼠。親緣關係樹中，台灣的樣本又可分為3群，代表台灣的花栗鼠可能至少有3個來源，其中l群與其他西伯利亞花栗鼠的遺傳距離（K2P）有10.0%，顯示西伯利亞花栗鼠中可能有隱藏種的存在。 Chipmunks belonging to the genus Tamias (Rodentia: Sciuridae) are not native to Taiwan, but are commonly found in the pet shops. In order to identify the species, I obtained 13 individuals from the shops in six counties and cities, and made mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence (1044bp) analyses. Also, the sequences of 23 known species of Tamias were retrieved from GenBank. The neighbor-joining free constructed with Kimura's 2 parameter (K2P) model showed that Taiwanese samples were closely affiliated to the Siberian chipmunk T sibiricus and distinguishable from the lineages of the other chipmunk species. Accordingly, the chipmunks in Taiwan were likely Tamias sibiricus. Three phylogenetic groups were identified within the Taiwan samples, implying that they had three biogeographic origins. One of the groups diverged greatly (genetic distance=10%) from T sibiricus, suggesting the presence of cryptic species in the Siberian chipmunk.