墾丁國家公園銀合歡空間分布特徵之研究

Spatial Distribution Pattern of Leucaena leucocephala in the Kenting National Park

本研究利用Satellite Pour L'observation de la Terre（SPOT）與IKONOS衛星遙測資料，繪製墾丁國家公園銀合歡與非銀合歡植群之空間分布圖，並依據研究區海拔高0-100m、100-200m、200-300m 劃設3種區域範圍，依據距離道路0-500m、500-1,000m、1,000-1,500m、1,500-2,000m劃設4種區域範圍，用以瞭解兩種植群之空間分布特徵。經研究結果發現，銀合歡於海拔0-100m區域（約占12.08%），以及於距離道路0-500m區域所占面積最多（約占11.69%）。另採用具多尺度概念之孔隙度指標分析兩者之空間分布型，研究結果顯示，銀合歡於海拔愈低、距離道路愈近之區域，其所占面積最多，且皆呈現均勻分布，這些區域人為干擾較明顯，可能助長銀合歡的入侵與擴散，因此有必要加強經營管理的工作。 We mapped the spatial distributions of Leucaena leucocephala (L. leucocephala) and other plants in the Kenting National Park, using remote sensing data from Satellite Pour L observation de la Terre (SPOT) and IKONOS. Their distribution patterns were compared among the three ranges of elevations (0-100m, 100-200m, 200-300m) and four ranges of distances from roads (0-500m, 500-1,000m, 1,000-1,500m, 1,500-2,000m). The results showed that L. leucocephala occupied 12.08% of the areas at the elevations of 0-100m, and 11.69% at distances of 0-500m from the roads. The lacunarity indices of the spatial patterns calculated with multi-scale method indicated that most of L. leucocephala were found in the critical zones, such as low elevations and proximity to the roads. As these critical zones were associated with human disturbed areas, it was more likely that the human disturbance promotes the invasion and spread of L. leucocephala. Therefore, enhancement was required for the L. leucocephala management program in the critical zones with a particular attention on human disturbed areas.