遙測應用於大肚溪口地區環境變遷分析

A Remote Sensing Image Analysis for the Tatu Estuary

大肚溪口為臺灣地區沿海重要溼地及水鳥棲地之一，廣受世界研究鳥類遷移及保護學者之重視。1995年公告設立為「大肚溪口水鳥保護區」，面積2,669.73 ha，並於1998年修正為「大肚溪口野生動物保護區」。本研究利用大肚溪口地區SPOT衛星影像，配合航空照片、地圖及地面調查資料進行影像變遷分析，探討大肚溪口地區之變遷情形，俾提供該保護區在經營管理上之參考。本研究以1987／11／13、1995／10／31與1998／10／08三幅影像採用重疊法及分類後比較法進行影像變遷分析。結果顯示大肚溪口地區之環境變遷以海岸、河口及河岸地區變化最大，沿海工業區之開發及發電廠與鋼鐵廠之興建，圍堤抽砂造地與填土整地，使得1,000 ha左右之魚塭與沙灘等溼地轉變為陸地利用型態，顯見臺灣在解嚴及解除海禁之後，海岸開發之步伐急遽加快，濱海工業區、港灣、發電廠、海域休閒、垃圾掩埋場等多項工程之開發與興建，使海岸環境與溼地受到嚴重衝擊。 The Tatu Estuary is one of the important wetlands and waterfowl habitats in Taiwan. Its2,670-hectare wetlands were designated as the Tatu Rivermouth Waterbird Refuge in 1995 andrenamed as the Tatu Rivermouth Wildlife Refuge in 1998. This study collected SPOT satelliteimages, aerial photographs, maps and field survey data of the estuary for 13 November 1987,31 October 1995, and 8 October 1998. These data were used with the image overlappingmethod and the post-classification comparison method to undertake the image change analysisfor the estuary. The results showed that great changes in the environments occurred in the areasalong the shores of the estuary and its adjacent seacoasts. The development of industrial parks,construction of an electric power generating plant and a steel factory, graveling and sanding,and construction of dams associated with these development activities had converted about1,000 ha of its wetlands to the dry lands.