中國大陸行政規劃救濟制度研究

Research on the relief system of administrative planning in China

行政規劃作為現代政府一樣重要的行政行為，在公權運用、權益保障、公益維持以及信賴利益保護方面都有著重要的作用，不過，中國大陸實務界多以行政規劃尚未法治化，並將其直接歸為抽象行政行為，故針對行政規劃本身的救濟幾乎不存在，只能依靠對其實施後的許可、賠償等行為進行維權，這不僅增加救濟的成本，更浪費不當規劃所消耗的資源。本文從行政規劃救濟的必要性入手，繼而探討當前中國大陸行政規劃救濟的實務態度，最後論述行政規劃救濟的立法建構。當前，中國大陸行政規劃救濟制度的建立有賴於相關法律內容的修改，或者進行法律解釋，從而實現針對行政規劃本身的救濟。從長遠來看，良好的制定法是法治社會的重要基礎，通過對行政規劃救濟制度的研究，避免不當的行政規劃，可以為將來《行政程序法》的制定，提供可行和有益的立法建議。 As an important administrative act of modern government, administrative planning plays an important role in the use of public rights, the protection of rights and interests, the maintenance of public welfare and the protection of trusted interests. However, most of the practitioners in mainland China regard administrative planning as an abstract administrative act because it has not yet been legalized. The remedy is almost nonexistent, and can only rely on the permission, compensation and other acts after its implementation, which not only increases the cost of relief, but also wastes resources consumed by improper planning. This article starts with the necessity of administrative planning relief, then discusses the practical attitude of administrative planning relief in mainland China, and finally discusses the legislative construction of administrative planning relief. At present, the establishment of administrative planning relief system in mainland China depends on the modification of relevant legal content or legal interpretation, so as to achieve relief for administrative planning itself. In the long run, a good enactment of law is an important foundation of a society ruled by law. Through the study of the relief system of administrative planning, to avoid improper administrative planning, we can provide feasible and useful legislative suggestions for the formulation of the Administrative Procedure Law in the future.