Olaparib治療復發性卵巢癌的檢視

The Role in the Treatment of Women with Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

高度分化漿液性卵巢癌（high grade serous ovarian cancer, HGSOC）多因BRCA1和BRCA2基因突變所造成，估計約50%高度分化漿液性癌有同源重組的缺陷（homologous recombination deficiency, HRD），故對具同源重組的缺陷之患者可予poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase抑制劑（PARPi）來治療。現階段已證明，採olaparib治療高度分化漿液性卵巢癌，有較長的無症狀生存時間，特別是在BRCA1/2突變的患者，效果更加顯著。2014年12月，FDA通過olaparib可用在已使用過三線化學藥物及遺傳性突變卵巢癌。 Germline mutation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes is often present in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). It has been estimated that approximately 50% of HGSOC tumors have homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). Targeting HRD with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) such as olaparib, in BRCA1/2 mutation and platinum sensitive HGSOC is an important therapeutic approach. Olaparib has anti-tumor activity and can be used as single agent therapy. Olaparib offers an effective maintenance treatment in recurrent, platinum-sensitive HGSOG, and its greatest benefits are demonstrated in women with BRCA1/2 mutation. FDA announced in December 2018 approved the use of olaparib as a monotherapy for germline BRCA mutated ovarian cancer after the third-line therapy.