創傳：郭璞與《山海經》的「經典化」

Annotation: Guo Pu and the Classical “Shan Hai Jing”

郭璞是目前所知較早為《山海經》全書作注之人，郭璞之功，即在「創傳」，以「創傳」證成《山海經》之「經」字的「經典」義。「創傳」，有為「經」作「傳」之意。「傳」的存在，使《山海經》相應具有「經」的位格。相關注疏著作，對於郭注，或增廣異聞，或踵繼其說，或反駁辯證，形成一鬆散零碎卻龐大深蕪的「博物注」知識系譜，而這也正是《山海經》從「虛妄」之書轉變成為「博物」的「經典」的「經典化」過程。這種「經典化」，非指《山海經》所載「博物」知識逐漸樹立起崇高性與權威性，而在於，使其「經」、「注」、「疏」聯結成為同好或批評者傳述論證「博物」本質屬性與構成特徵的知識場域。這一點，是郭璞在《山海經》注疏史上所具有的重要貢獻。 Guo Pu of the Eastern Jing Dynasty was the scholar to work on the annotation for the entire book of “Shan Hai Jing” at the earlier stage. He has distinguished himself by the annotation on the classics. ‘Annotation' means to make commentary for the classics. Guo Pu created the annotation just to prove the word ‘classics' of the ‘classical' interpretation. Later the related exegesis of the book then combined with his annotation to become fragmental and loosely organized whereas enormous and disorder knowledge of the ‘natural history' system. “Shan Hai Jing” is well known as the ‘treasure-house of myths' and ‘hometown of myths', it has been deemed as the “classical” book of Chinese mythology, and as a “canon” of “Chinese myth”, it has already become a “canon” of “natural history”. The annotation by Guo Pu enable “Shan Hai Jing” to obtained the two ‘classic' meaning of texts and canon, as well as the canonization of “Shan Hai Jing” which also proved the success and rendering clear by the words and expressions in a clear context after Guo Pu has written the annotation of the book and later relating the annotations of the book to combine with the ‘Jing', ‘Zuan', ‘Zhu', and ‘Shu' to form the links of ‘naturalistic annotation' in the network of knowledge. On this point, it is an important contribution in the history of annotation by Guo Pu in “Shan Hai Jing”.