| 中文摘要 |
在過去英國普通法下，保險人於保險事故發生後，無及時給付保險金之義務，且保險人遲延給付，保險金請求權人無法請求遲延損害。雖在英國保險人自律規範下，曾要求保險人不得惡意遲延給付保險金。然英國保險人仍有可能違反自律規範，而惡意遲延給付保險金。因此英國法律委員會有鑑於此，曾發布兩份報告呼籲改變現行法不公平狀況，並在2014年提出保險法修正草案於英國國會。法律委員會所提出草案內容要求保險人在合理期間有給付保險金之義務，若保險人違反該義務，被保險人得請求損害賠償或遲延利息。雖英國國會通過2015年保險契約法，但因利益團體的阻撓，並未通過保險人給付遲延規定。而在2016年時，英國國會考量保險人遲延給付規定對於經濟發展之重要性，於企業法案增訂給付遲延保險金之規定。除介紹現行英國保險法制及法律委員會所提出之保險法修正草案外，本文將檢驗類似爭議是否會出現於我國，以及我國現行保險法就保險人遲延給付保險金之規範，有無缺失須改進之處。若有缺失須改進之處，本文將嘗試參照英國法律委員會所提出之保險法修正草案，提出現狀及將來可改進之方案。
In the past, it was not required to ask the insurer to pay the insurance money within reasonable time under English common law, and the insured might not take action on damage due to late payment. In English insurance practice, there is a self-regulation to ask insurer not to reject claim in bad faith, but the insurer in England might wrongfully handle the claim regardless of insurer self-regulation. Thus, U.K. Law Commission has issued two reform reports to adjust the unfair circumstance and proposed drafts to Parliament in 2014. According to the draft proposed by the Law Commission, the insurer is required to pay insurance money within a reasonable time. If insurer fails to meet this requirement, the insured could claim damage or interest pursuant to law. Although the U.K. parliament has passed the Insurance Contract Act in 2015, the Late Payment Clause was not included due to objections by interest groups. However, U.K. parliament considered that Late Payment Clause plays an importance role in economic development, and thereby added Late Payment Clause in Enterprise Act in 2016. In addition to introducing the current insurance Act and drafts in U.K., this article will examine whether or not similar circumstances would happen in Taiwan. Moreover, it will address any oversight that might exist in Insurance Act regarding the late payment in Taiwan and suggest improvements by referring to the Law Commission amended drafts in U.K. |
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