臺灣肖楠容器種子園之種子產量及品質之初期評估

The primary assessment of the seed yield and quality from a containerized seed orchard in Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana

本研究以臺灣中部出雲山苗圃之臺灣肖楠（Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana）容器種子園（containerized seed orchards, CSOs）各營養系母樹於2006至2008年間，未經開花結實促進處理，分析天然授粉（open-pollination）之種子產量及品質等性狀之早期表現，為林木種子園應用與經營之研究。　　經變方分析（ANOVA）結果種子產量於不同結種年度間及營養系間有顯著差異。種子百粒重及生長箱發芽率於3年間亦有顯著差異，但在種源及營養系間則無顯著差異，種子產量之遺傳率（heritability）為1，種子百粒重及生長箱發芽率之遺傳率分別為0.11及0.31，顯示各營養系種子產量及生長箱發芽率皆受不同程度之遺傳控制，可作為未來種子園營養系汰劣存優選拔之指標。　　以臺灣肖楠容器種子園2006~2008年之種子產量而言，與天然母樹林類似亦有結實週期（periodicity of fruit production）之變化，但兩者表現不同步。由外表型相關性（phenotypic correlation）分析結果得出，當年度種子產量與種子百粒重及生長箱發芽率之表現無明確相關性，惟皆與前年度表現有相關性， 2007與2008年各營養系種子產量呈極顯著正相關（0.4860, P=0.0065）；2006與2007年各營養系種子百粒重為顯著負相關（-0.3812, P=0.0376）。因此應配合氣候及撫育管理方法持續進行相關研究及探討，釐清影響種子產量與品質之因素，以期達成種子園建置之初期目標。 The research is based on the initial performance and analysis of the seed yield and seed quality of the Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana seeds which are open-pollinated without using flowerstimulating treatment from 2006 to 2008. The parent trees are planted in the containerized seed orchard of Chu-yun-shan nursery where is located in the middle of Taiwan. The project is researched the application and management of the seed orchard. The result of ANOVA showed that the differences of seed years and families can affect the yield of seeds. During 2006-2008, 100 seed weight and germination in growth chamber also have made significant differences. There is no significant difference between provenances and families. The narrowsense heritability of seed yield is 1. The narrow-sense heritability of 100 seed weight and germination in growth chamber is 0.11 and 0.31 respectively. The data are revealed that the performances of seed yield and germination are controlled by genetic factors. That can be the indices of selecting the seed orchard's clones in the future. According to the seed yield of C. macrolepis var. formosana containerized seed orchard 2006 to 2008, it had similar variation of periodicity of fruit production to the seed collecting area. But they are not asynchrony. The result of phenotypic correlation analysis showed that the seed yield is not relative between 100 seed weight and germination in the same year, but the parts of the data have been related to the ones of previous year. For instance, the seed yield in 2007 and 2008 are showed a positive correlation (0.4680, P=0.0065) for total of family. 100 seed weight in 2006 and 2007 is showed a negative correlation (-0.3812, P=0.0376). Furthermore, we should study the relevant materials about climate condition and culture method for the experiment to carry on the research, so that we could distinguish between the effects of seed yield and seed quality in order to ensure achieving the initial goal of seed orchard.