近三十年來明清鼎革之際軍事史研究回顧

A Review of Research in Military History of the Ming-Qing Change Era

明代軍事史的研究領域著作甚多，主題多圍繞著明初的軍事制度和衛所發展，研究趨勢有兩種：單一議題如城堡、兵制、馬匹等，通論性如研究整個明代的軍事建置、九邊體系、戰略戰術等，而結合軍事、財政、人物、武器技術等各領域史料，呈現短時段明代軍事史的概況，是值得嘗試的新方向。明清鼎革之際的東亞局勢，因明清戰爭而劇烈變動，明代的軍事與財政都因為這場戰爭而重新調整，軍隊與糧餉的補充也因實際需求而備受重視，但目前這些議題的研究深度尚待加強，是值得明史研究者開發之處。 There are two major trends in scholarships on the military system, weisuo (衛所). The first targets single aspects of the system, such as fortresses, conscription, or the use of horses in the military. The second trend presents a comprehensive survey of the military through examining the subjects such as the origin of the Ming military or the maintenance of the “nine garrisons” along the Great Wall. Recent trends tend to combine both approaches to give a holistic picture of how the system operate in a certain time period. Recently, the seventeenth century tends to attract the attention of researchers. At that time, the Ming government was forced to adjust both its military and financial systems due to the wars with the emerging Qing. Supplemental provisioning for the military is another important theme for historical research of this period. All of these areas are yet to be explored fully by researchers of Ming history.

There are two major trends in scholarships on the military system, weisuo (衛所). The first targets single aspects of the system, such as fortresses, conscription, or the use of horses in the military. The second trend presents a comprehensive survey of the military through examining the subjects such as the origin of the Ming military or the maintenance of the “nine garrisons” along the Great Wall. Recent trends tend to combine both approaches to give a holistic picture of how the system operate in a certain time period. Recently, the seventeenth century tends to attract the attention of researchers. At that time, the Ming government was forced to adjust both its military and financial systems due to the wars with the emerging Qing. Supplemental provisioning for the military is another important theme for historical research of this period. All of these areas are yet to be explored fully by researchers of Ming history.