以促發效應分析圖像質感之視覺再認效益研究

Recognition Efficiency Research of Analysis of Icon Texture by Priming Effect

本研究採用心理實驗研究法中的「促發效應」概念進行對圖像的實驗設計與量測，以分析視覺在判讀圖像的不同質感表現時所呈現的反應時間，觀察反應時間的長短，可瞭解圖像質感的改變是否會影響對圖形的再認率。實驗設計以圖像輪廓造形不變的情況下，將圖像表面質感分為五種類型，包括：擬真表現、「色塊表現」、「線條表現一：白底黑線、「線條表現二：黑底白線」和「輪廓表現」。透過文字和圖像的配對實驗，測量受測者判讀的反應時間，可瞭解圖像質感的改變對圖形傳達效益與判讀影響。實驗研究結果發現：一、設計配對與不配對的題型，會因提取的記憶歷程不同達到再認差異。二、圖像的質感表現會影響圖形再認效益。三、反應時間會因為特定物件而影響視覺再認效益。四、各圖像質感表現於反應時間上具顯著差異，而在互相比較中則顯著差異有限。整體而言，在判讀的反應時間上，題目「不配對，視覺反應快於「配對」。研究發現在不配對判讀過程中，文字與圖像的錯誤配對，因只需考慮外形特徵即可達到快速篩選，反之配對則需思考質感表現，產生判讀不易，進而影響反應時間的快慢。 This study adopted the “priming effect” in psychological experimental research for experimental design and measurement, in order to analyze the reaction time of visual recognition of different textures of icons and observe the duration of reaction time. It intended to find out if change of icon texture would affect the recognition rate of graphs. In experimental design, in the condition of fixed outline and modeling, surface texture of icon is classified into five types, including “realistic expression”, “grayscale expression”, “line-based expression 1: white background/black lines”, “line-based expression 2: black background/ white lines” and “contour silhouette expression”. With a text-icon matching experiment, it measures subjects' reaction time of recognition to probe into effect of change of icon texture on graphic communication efficiency and recognition. According to experimental research result: (1) In experiment, in terms of design of matching and non-matching items, there is recognition difference due to different memory processes. (2) Icon texture influences graphic recognition efficiency. (3) Reaction time influences visual recognition efficiency due to specific objects. (4) Icon texture shows significant difference on reaction time and significant difference is less in the comparisons. In terms of reaction time of recognition, visual reaction of “non-matching” item is quicker than “matching” one. The findings shows that in non-matching recognition process, non-matching text-icon can be rapidly screened only according to outline characteristics. On the contrary, regarding “matching” one, we should consider the texture. The recognition is difficult and it influences the speed of reaction time.

This study adopted the “priming effect” in psychological experimental research for experimental design and measurement, in order to analyze the reaction time of visual recognition of different textures of icons and observe the duration of reaction time. It intended to find out if change of icon texture would affect the recognition rate of graphs. In experimental design, in the condition of fixed outline and modeling, surface texture of icon is classified into five types, including “realistic expression”, “grayscale expression”, “line-based expression 1: white background/black lines”, “line-based expression 2: black background/ white lines” and “contour silhouette expression”. With a text-icon matching experiment, it measures subjects' reaction time of recognition to probe into effect of change of icon texture on graphic communication efficiency and recognition. According to experimental research result: (1) In experiment, in terms of design of matching and non-matching items, there is recognition difference due to different memory processes. (2) Icon texture influences graphic recognition efficiency. (3) Reaction time influences visual recognition efficiency due to specific objects. (4) Icon texture shows significant difference on reaction time and significant difference is less in the comparisons. In terms of reaction time of recognition, visual reaction of “non-matching” item is quicker than “matching” one. The findings shows that in non-matching recognition process, non-matching text-icon can be rapidly screened only according to outline characteristics. On the contrary, regarding “matching” one, we should consider the texture. The recognition is difficult and it influences the speed of reaction time.