以群眾力量為基礎之空間資訊檢視商圈活動

Examining development dynamics in a commercial district by using crowd-sourced spatial information

商圈內的商業活動進駐與擴張，提升了地方經濟效益，但也產生許多空間衝突。都市計畫中的土地使用分區管制計畫，雖能提供規劃決策者使用強度的資訊，但仍不足以從中判斷各分區實際的空間活動。空間資料的完整性與即時性，是有效掌握地區周遭環境資源變化之基礎，避免地區活動超過環境空間所能負荷之承載力。自然及社經環境的快速變化及空間規劃之實際需求，增加了資料蒐集產製的難度，以土地使用調查為例，不僅需要大量人力投入，尚有後續資料更新與維護成本的考量。隨著全球定位系統、網際網路及智慧型行動裝置等技術的普及，地理資訊之蒐集不再專屬於專業人員，空間資料基礎建設應加入民眾參與的元素，參與者可如感測器般，在各處協助資料的獲取，讓空間資料庫的建置更加豐富完善。本文以開放街圖做為整合平台，整合自願性地理資訊的概念，提出以群眾協同合作為基礎之土地使用調查架構，探討更有效率的空間資料蒐集方法。 Commercial activities bring significant financial benefits to the local, but often result in spatial conflicts. The information of land use zoning map is insufficient for decision making, to examine the spatial development dynamics. People could know surrounding environmental changes well with integrated and real-time spatial data. Spatial data survey, production and maintenance are facing increasing difficulty arising from rapid natural and socio-economic change. Localized overloading of environmental carrying capacity can be a temporary phase of emerging business events. For a land use survey, for example, a huge amount of manpower, time and financial resources often needs to be devoted to the process. Data released also require data update and maintenance to ensure practical applications and continuous data reuse. With the improvement and availability of GPS, Internet and smart mobile devices, tasks of spatial data collection have the potential to be assigned to non-professional actors. The concept of public participation is involved in the establishment of spatial data infrastructure. Spatial databank will be collected more diversely and completely from distributed “citizen sensors” receiving information somewhere. This research project uses OpenStreetMap as a web editing platform that integrates the concept of volunteered geographic information (VGI). The structure of crowd-based land use survey is discussed for the more efficient data collection method.

Commercial activities bring significant financial benefits to the local, but often result in spatial conflicts. The information of land use zoning map is insufficient for decision making, to examine the spatial development dynamics. People could know surrounding environmental changes well with integrated and real-time spatial data. Spatial data survey, production and maintenance are facing increasing difficulty arising from rapid natural and socio-economic change. Localized overloading of environmental carrying capacity can be a temporary phase of emerging business events. For a land use survey, for example, a huge amount of manpower, time and financial resources often needs to be devoted to the process. Data released also require data update and maintenance to ensure practical applications and continuous data reuse. With the improvement and availability of GPS, Internet and smart mobile devices, tasks of spatial data collection have the potential to be assigned to non-professional actors. The concept of public participation is involved in the establishment of spatial data infrastructure. Spatial databank will be collected more diversely and completely from distributed “citizen sensors” receiving information somewhere. This research project uses OpenStreetMap as a web editing platform that integrates the concept of volunteered geographic information (VGI). The structure of crowd-based land use survey is discussed for the more efficient data collection method.