認知調適對健行步道擁擠感受之影響

The Effect of Cognitive Coping on Crowding Perceptions on a Hiking Trail

遊客人數會影響擁擠感受，然而遊客面臨遊憩壓力時可能會透過調適行為來緩和心理壓力。本研究目的在於探討認知調適在步道遊客人數與擁擠感受關係間之影響效果，研究地點為陽明山國家公園二子坪遊憩區之步道，擁擠感受以不同遊客人數之模擬相片進行測量，而認知調適程度分別以產品轉移和合理化問項評斷。研究結果顯示步道遊客人數顯著正向影響擁擠感受，已有來訪經驗者、遊憩目的為運動社交者之擁擠感受較低，而認知調適則顯著負向影響擁擠感受，表示認知調適程度愈高者，愈不容易感到擁擠，證實認知調適會影響受訪者對於遊憩區現況之評估標準，因此，建議管理單位在評估容許量時，應將認知調適之影響效果納入考量。 Visitor numbers influence crowding perception. However, visitors may use coping to ease their experience of recreation stress. This study aimed to discuss the effects of cognitive coping on the relationship between hiking trail visitor numbers and crowding perceptions. The hiking trail at Erzihping Recreation Area in Yangmingshan National Park was used as the study site. A series of hiking trail photos with different use levels were used as the stimuli to measure respondents’ crowding perceptions. Cognitive coping was measured by questions describing product shifts and rationalizations. The results suggested that visitor numbers had a significant positive effect on crowding perception. Respondents who were revisit visitors or whose purpose was to exercise or socialize had lower crowding perceptions. Cognitive coping had a significant negative effect on crowding perceptions; as the degree of cognitive coping increased, the perception of crowding decreased. The research findings validated the prediction that cognitive coping influences respondents’ evaluation criteria for recreation use in recreation areas. Therefore, administrators should consider the effects of cognitive coping when evaluating recreation carrying capacity.

Visitor numbers influence crowding perception. However, visitors may use coping to ease their experience of recreation stress. This study aimed to discuss the effects of cognitive coping on the relationship between hiking trail visitor numbers and crowding perceptions. The hiking trail at Erzihping Recreation Area in Yangmingshan National Park was used as the study site. A series of hiking trail photos with different use levels were used as the stimuli to measure respondents’ crowding perceptions. Cognitive coping was measured by questions describing product shifts and rationalizations. The results suggested that visitor numbers had a significant positive effect on crowding perception. Respondents who were revisit visitors or whose purpose was to exercise or socialize had lower crowding perceptions. Cognitive coping had a significant negative effect on crowding perceptions; as the degree of cognitive coping increased, the perception of crowding decreased. The research findings validated the prediction that cognitive coping influences respondents’ evaluation criteria for recreation use in recreation areas. Therefore, administrators should consider the effects of cognitive coping when evaluating recreation carrying capacity.