專業素養與藥學教材建構

Professionalism and Establishment of Exemplars in Pharmacy Practice

專業素養是醫療執業人員必備，但國内發展一甲子的藥學教育卻少予著墨。散佈在街坊的藥局是藥業與社會間最可近之處，也是陶冶學生專業素養極佳場域。本研究先訂立專業素養内涵特質十項，再經適當設計社區藥事經驗課程以導引學習，進一步收集分析學生對藥師與民眾互動之專業素養實例記述，以及學生於實習前後瞭解對各特質重要性之認知程度，探究實習課程成效。結果顯示，學生於實務學習過程均可提出深刻的專業素養事例，而對專業素養各特質重要性之認知，實習後多有所提升，其中又以「溝通能力」重要性認知提升最顯著（9.00±1.08vs.9.48±0.74，p=0.048）。本研究之典範事例與成果可供未來實習生、指導藥師及藥學校教師參酌，並期激發更多後續之關注與投入。 Abstract: Professionalism is indispensable to practitioners involved in health care. Regrettably, it was seldom addressed in undergraduate pharmacy curriculum in Taiwan for decades. Pharmacies interspersed in communities that serve as the best link between pharmacy and the society are most accessible to the public. Hence, community pharmacies are ideal experiential sites for cultivating students the essence of professionalism. The study aimed to investigate the impacts of the Community Pharmacy Practice Experience (CPPE) course by introducing ten tenets of professionalism in pharmacy, integrating and enhancing awareness of these tenets in the course design, encouraging observation, description, and reflection by synopsis writing of pharmacist-patient (-customer) encounters, and analyzing pre- and post-CPPE conceptions toward the ten tenets by students. The study demonstrated students’ capabilities in elaborating exemplary conducts of professionalism by pharmacists upon completion of the CPPE course. Students’ post-CPPE cognition toward the importance of these tenets in pharmacy practice was generally increased, with “communication” being the most appreciated attribute (9.00±1.08 vs. 9.48±0.74, p = 0.048). The highlighted exemplars in the study help concretizing professionalism into realistic practices and caring. These real deeds are model exemplars for future students, preceptors, and faculty members of pharmacy schools and colleges. More attention and development in topics related to teaching professionalism by health care educators are awaited.

Abstract: Professionalism is indispensable to practitioners involved in health care. Regrettably, it was seldom addressed in undergraduate pharmacy curriculum in Taiwan for decades. Pharmacies interspersed in communities that serve as the best link between pharmacy and the society are most accessible to the public. Hence, community pharmacies are ideal experiential sites for cultivating students the essence of professionalism. The study aimed to investigate the impacts of the Community Pharmacy Practice Experience (CPPE) course by introducing ten tenets of professionalism in pharmacy, integrating and enhancing awareness of these tenets in the course design, encouraging observation, description, and reflection by synopsis writing of pharmacist-patient (-customer) encounters, and analyzing pre- and post-CPPE conceptions toward the ten tenets by students. The study demonstrated students’ capabilities in elaborating exemplary conducts of professionalism by pharmacists upon completion of the CPPE course. Students’ post-CPPE cognition toward the importance of these tenets in pharmacy practice was generally increased, with “communication” being the most appreciated attribute (9.00 ± 1.08 vs. 9.48 ± 0.74, p = 0.048). The highlighted exemplars in the study help concretizing professionalism into realistic practices and caring. These real deeds are model exemplars for future students, preceptors, and faculty members of pharmacy schools and colleges. More attention and development in topics related to teaching professionalism by health care educators are awaited.