以華語為第二語言學習者於聽覺反饋干擾中產生的發聲動作適性化

Vocal Adaptation in Perturbed Auditory Feedback for L2 Learners of Mandarin

本研究旨在探討以華語為第二語言學習者的發聲動作適性化。本研 究使用帶有適性化音頻變調的典範（音頻逐漸上升或下降）來檢視初學 者、進階班學生、華語母語人士於母音/a/ 與「媽」發聲時，對於聽覺反 饋干擾的反應。研究結果顯示相較於初學者，進階班學生與華語母語人 士較少仰賴聽覺反饋的資訊來監控音頻高低。這三組受試者皆發現感覺 動作的適性化，表示內在模組的即時校正功能是自動化的。然而，內在 模組的即時校正功能卻是任務導向的，出現與否取決於發聲過程當中是 否要求音頻準確度、以及音頻變調的方向是否趨近於預期的音頻高度。

This research explores the vocal adaptation in L2 learners of Mandarin by constructing a pitch-shift paradigm that incorporates adaptive changes (i.e.， continuously increasing or decreasing changes) in pitch in auditory feedback during vocalization. This study examined the productions of sustained /a/ and / ma1/ (“mother” in Mandarin) in L2 beginners， L2 advanced learners， and native Mandarin speakers. The results show that L2 advanced learners and native Mandarin speakers， but not L2 beginners， had reduced reliance on auditory feedback to monitor vocal pitch. Sensorimotor adaptation was observed for all the groups， suggesting that the online recalibration of the internal model is automatic. The online recalibration is also task-dependent， depending on the requirement of vocal accuracy and the closeness of intended pitch and perturbed pitch.