台灣正確用藥核心能力的建置與評估   全文下載

Enhancing Health Literacy through Developing Core Abilities of Correct Medication Usage in Taiwan

正確用藥核心能力在台灣的發展是透過幾個階段：文獻探索與資料收集、焦點團體和專家會議討論與發展核心能力，再於51所學校進行推廣教育活動和成效評價。資料收集相關的44篇文獻，運用於焦點團體討論，並透過投票選出最普遍應重視的用藥安全的議題是“藥物要透過醫療或是藥學專家提供資訊”和“如何正確地服用藥物”。專家會議則聚焦後產生具共識的正確用藥五個核心能力：看病時能清楚表達個人狀況給醫生、領藥時能明瞭藥袋資訊、用藥時能正確依照處方指示服用、選用藥物時能做自己的主人，以及能與藥師和醫生做朋友。本研究共444教師和4035學生完成成效評價問卷，從前後測比較發現，透過正確用藥教育傳遞核心能力，確實能提高用藥正確的知識、態度及行為，增加用藥的安全性。成效評價問卷題目為單一選項的問卷，強調正確用藥的五個面向：知識、態度、行為、實際使用藥物經驗與夥伴關係，該問卷具有良好信效度（專家內容效度檢定0.91，內在一致性0.69，折半信度0.77與再測信度0.83）。透過發展、傳遞與評價正確用藥核心能力，本研究結論以五大核心能力為基礎的用藥教育可提高民眾的健康素養，未來的醫藥教育推廣與評價應考慮其他背景族群民眾。

The core abilities in correct medication usage was developed in Taiwan through the following stages: literature research and informa-tion collection, focus groups and experts meetings to discuss and develop core abilities, disseminate the education activities of these core abilities in 51 schools, and evaluative survey. Forty-four articles were abstracted for reference of voting in the focus groups. The most popular issues related to medication usage and safety were “medications provided by medical or pharmacy experts” and “how to take medications correctly”. The experts meetings generated five core abilities of correct medication usages: ability to clearly express personal conditions to your physicians, ability to check information on the medication packages, ability to correctly take medications as prescribed, ability to be the master of yourself in taking medications, and ability to be friends with pharmacists and physicians. 444 teachers and 4035 students participated in the evaluative survey on the core ability of correct medication usage. The education activities implemented enhances the core ability of correct medication usage in the knowledge, attitude, and behaviors of the students and teachers. Each question in the survey was developed with a single correct response and addressed five aspects: knowledge, attitude, practice, actual use of medica-tions, and partnership. The scale has good reliability and validity, with content validity index of 0.91 and the internal consistency reliability above 0.69, the split-half reliability above 0.77, and the test-retest reliability above 0.83. The study concluded that the five core abilities of correct medications usage in Taiwan can enhance the health literacy. Further studies are needed to evaluate the utilization in subjects with different backgrounds or health conditions.