台灣嫌疑犯濫用藥物MDMA及大麻評估－－尿檢陽性率調查   全文下載

Use of MDMA and Marijuana among Arrestees in Taiwan -A Survey Based on Laboratory Test of Urine Specimens

本項調查使用尿液檢體為衛生局於89年9月至90年2月間收驗者，計2944件，包括台北市923件，台中縣市955件、台南縣高雄縣市1,066件。使用免疫學分析方法（FPIA及EIA）初篩及GC／MS方法確認，檢測MDMA及大麻，初篩閾值MDMA為500 ng／mL，及大麻為50 ng／mL。GC／MS方法確認閾值MDMA為500nglmL，及大麻代謝物羧基四氫大麻酚為15 ng／mL。尿液檢體中甲基安非他命陽性1,815件（陽性率61.7%），MDMA 34件（陽性率1.15%），大麻11件（陽性率0.37%）。分析地區性差異顯示台中縣、台南縣、高雄縣檢體均未檢出大麻或MDMA，而陽性檢體均來自台北市、台中市、高雄市都會區，台北市檢體陽性率又較台中市、高雄市為高；以台北市的MDMA 23件（2.49%）及大麻6件（0.65%）最多、台中市MDMA 6件（1.26%）及大麻2件（0.42%）次之，高雄市MDMA 5件（0.60%）及大麻3件（0.36%）再次之，但無檢體同時檢出大麻及MDMA。台北市檢出安非他命檢體612件，陽性比率高達66%，但檢出MDMA 23件陽性檢體中，同時為安非他命陽性者則僅有10件，佔MDMA陽性檢體43%。台中市檢測出大麻2件及MDMA 6件檢體均為安非他命陰性檢體，推測使用甲基安非他命族群，與使用大麻及MDMA族群有所區隔。"

2,944 arrestees urine specimens submitted (during the period of September 2000 to February 2001) by law enforcement agencies in three cities and three counties in Taiwan were tested for methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9- carboxylic acid (THCA) to monitor the use of MDMA and marijuana among the sampled population. Adapted preliminary tests were fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA, TDx) for amphetamine/methamphetamine (cutoff: 500 ng/mL d-amphetamine) and enzyme immunoassay for marijuana metabolites (cutoff: 50 ng/mL delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid, THCA). GC/MS tests cutoffs for MDMA and THCA were 500 and 15 ng/mL, respectively. Among the specimens tested, immunoassay positive rate for amphetamines was 61.7%, while confirmed positive rates for MDMA and THCA were 1.15% and 0.37%, respectively. All positive specimens came from the three cities, with Taipei City leading the positive rates of 2.49% for MDMA and 0.65% for THCA. The corresponding positive rates for specimens from Taichung City and Kaohsiung City were 1.26%, 0.42% and 0.60%, 0.36%, respectively. No specimen was found positive for both MDMA and THCA. All THCA and the majority of MDMA positive specimens (57%) tested negative for methamphetamine, suggesting that the majority of the marijuana and MDMA abuse population are different from those abusing methamphetamine. Results from this survey also indicate that MDMA and marijuana abuse are concentrated in the metropolitan areas of Taiwan. 本項調查使用尿液檢體為衛生局於89年9月至90年2月間收驗者，計2944件，包括台北市923件，台中縣市955件、台南縣高雄縣市1,066件。使用免疫學分析方法（FPIA及EIA）初篩及GC／MS方法確認，檢測MDMA及大麻，初篩閾值MDMA為500 ng／mL，及大麻為50 ng／mL。GC／MS方法確認閾值MDMA為500nglmL，及大麻代謝物羧基四氫大麻酚為15 ng／mL。尿液檢體中甲基安非他命陽性1,815件（陽性率61.7%），MDMA 34件（陽性率1.15%），大麻11件（陽性率0.37%）。分析地區性差異顯示台中縣、台南縣、高雄縣檢體均未檢出大麻或MDMA，而陽性檢體均來自台北市、台中市、高雄市都會區，台北市檢體陽性率又較台中市、高雄市為高；以台北市的MDMA 23件（2.49%）及大麻6件（0.65%）最多、台中市MDMA 6件（1.26%）及大麻2件（0.42%）次之，高雄市MDMA 5件（0.60%）及大麻3件（0.36%）再次之，但無檢體同時檢出大麻及MDMA。台北市檢出安非他命檢體612件，陽性比率高達66%，但檢出MDMA 23件陽性檢體中，同時為安非他命陽性者則僅有10件，佔MDMA陽性檢體43%。台中市檢測出大麻2件及MDMA 6件檢體均為安非他命陰性檢體，推測使用甲基安非他命族群，與使用大麻及MDMA族群有所區隔。