檢測六種品系基因改造玉米及其加工製品方法之探討   全文下載

Study on the Detection Method of Six Varieties of Genetically Modified Maize and Processed Foods

本研究以PCR方法鑑別檢測六種品系基因改造玉米（genetically modified maize，簡稱GM-玉米）。首先探討加熱處理對於PCR檢測之影響，玉米分別經由100℃及121℃不同時間熱處理，續抽取DNA，以玉米zein基因引子進行PCR檢測，結果發現100℃處理120min與121℃處理30min仍可檢測出zein基因。次為建立六種品系GM-玉米之PCR鑑別檢測方法，針對Event 176（Novartis公司）、Bt11（Novartis公司）、MON810（Monsanto公司）、T25（AgrEvo公司）、CBH-351（AgrEvo公司）及GA21（Monsanto公司）GM-玉米之殖入基因分別選定具產品特異性引子，進行PCR方法檢測，其最低檢測濃度皆小於0.1%（w／w）。為瞭解食品玉米原料及加工玉米製品含GM-玉米之狀況，採用前述建立方法測試市售食品玉米原料、冷凍玉米粒、玉米粒罐頭、墨西哥玉米餅及洋芋片等檢體。結果發現玉米碎同件檢體及墨西哥玉米餅同件檢體可分別檢出六種及五種測試品系GM-玉米；冷凍及罐頭玉米粒可檢出MON810及T25二種GM-玉米；洋芋片檢體則含有MON810 GM-玉米。綜合上述，PCR方法適用於玉米原料及其製品之檢測，並得知台灣目前市售玉米原料及其製品含有混合之不同品系GM-玉米，並以MON810 GM-玉米品系為大宗。

To detect and identify six varieties of genetically modified (GM) maize, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were performed in the present study. The effect of heat treatment on the detection of the genes by the PCR methods was investigated. Maize samples were subjected to 100°C and 121°C heat treatment for different time intervals, and PCR tests were then conducted by using primers specific for the maize zein gene. Results revealed that the zein gene still could be detected by the PCR after heating at 100°C for 120 min and heating at 121°C for 30 min. In addition, the establishment of PCR assays on the identification of the six varieties of GM-maize was also evaluated. Primers specific for the inserted genes in the Event 176 (Novartis), Bt11 (Novartis), MON810 (Monsanto), T25 (AgrEvo), CBH-351 (AgrEvo), and GA21 (Monsanto) GM-maize were used to conduct the PCR assays. The detection limits for these GM-maize crops is less than 0.1% (w/w). For further understanding on whether commercially available maize materials and processed foods are mixed with GMmaize, corn middling pellets, canned whole kernel maize, frozen whole kernel maize, corn tortilla and potato chips samples were collected from the markets, and detected by the PCR methods developed in this study. Results showed that five to six varieties of GM-maize were detected in the corn middling pellets and corn tortilla, whereas GM-maize of the MON810 variety as well as the T25 variety were detected in canned and frozen whole kernel maize samples. Potato chips only contained GM-maize of the MON810 variety. The results of this study demonstrate that the PCR analysis is suitable for detecting maize materials and products, and that commercially available maize materials and products in Taiwan are usually mixed with different varieties of GM-maize. Meanwhile, the major product of GM-maize is the MON810 variety. 本研究以PCR方法鑑別檢測六種品系基因改造玉米（genetically modified maize，簡稱GM-玉米）。首先探討加熱處理對於PCR檢測之影響，玉米分別經由100℃及121℃不同時間熱處理，續抽取DNA，以玉米zein基因引子進行PCR檢測，結果發現100℃處理120min與121℃處理30min仍可檢測出zein基因。次為建立六種品系GM-玉米之PCR鑑別檢測方法，針對Event 176（Novartis公司）、Bt11（Novartis公司）、MON810（Monsanto公司）、T25（AgrEvo公司）、CBH-351（AgrEvo公司）及GA21（Monsanto公司）GM-玉米之殖入基因分別選定具產品特異性引子，進行PCR方法檢測，其最低檢測濃度皆小於0.1%（w／w）。為瞭解食品玉米原料及加工玉米製品含GM-玉米之狀況，採用前述建立方法測試市售食品玉米原料、冷凍玉米粒、玉米粒罐頭、墨西哥玉米餅及洋芋片等檢體。結果發現玉米碎同件檢體及墨西哥玉米餅同件檢體可分別檢出六種及五種測試品系GM-玉米；冷凍及罐頭玉米粒可檢出MON810及T25二種GM-玉米；洋芋片檢體則含有MON810 GM-玉米。綜合上述，PCR方法適用於玉米原料及其製品之檢測，並得知台灣目前市售玉米原料及其製品含有混合之不同品系GM-玉米，並以MON810 GM-玉米品系為大宗。