| 英文摘要 |
The Black ant Polyrhachis lamellidens Fr. Smith (Formicidae), found wild throughout China and Taiwan, has long been used as folk medicine for the treatment of rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic hepatitis, sexual hypofunction and antiaging. In this study, we extracted several components from this insect by using the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technique under different temperature, pressure, and extraction time. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and identified by a mass library search. This paper presents a comparison of extraction quantity and composition by different extraction conditions. The results show that thirty-nine known compounds were isolated from P. lamelliden for the first time. Pressure is the major factor in affecting the extraction yield in SFE. The results also indicated that (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid) is the major constituent in the extracts from all the SFE extraction and from 95% ethanolic extraction. In addition to oleic acid, the extracts are also rich in aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic fatty acids, and steroids.
蟻科昆蟲黑螞蟻（Polyrhachis lamellidens Fr. Smith）生長分布於中國大陸和臺灣等地，黑螞蟻在一般民間的藥用上是用來治療風濕病、類風濕關節炎、慢性肝炎、性功能低下和抗老化作用等。在本研究中我們利用超臨界二氧化碳萃取技術藉由設定各種不同溫度、壓力和萃取時間的實驗條件，由黑螞蟻昆蟲體中萃取出許多成分。而上述各種不同超臨界二氧化碳萃取條件之黑螞蟻抽取物，利用氣相層析質譜儀及質譜資料庫標準成分比對的方法進行黑螞蟻抽取物之成分分析研究。本篇文章將針對各種不同條件之超臨界二氧化碳萃取和95%酒精萃取的黑螞蟻抽取物進行抽取物間抽取量和抽取物成分組成之比較與探討。研究結果顯示，三十九種已知的化合物首次在黑螞蟻抽取物中被分離出，而其中影響超臨界二氧化碳萃取率的主要因子就是萃取時之設定壓力。結果另外亦指出由超臨界二氧化碳萃取和95%酒精溶媒萃取出之抽取物的主要含量化合物是（Z）-9-octadecenoic acid （oleic acid）。上述抽取物中除了含oleic acid 化合物外,另外亦含豐富的脂肪族碳氫類、醇類、脂肪酸類和類固醇類等化合物。 |
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