國內常見感冒糖漿劑成分對尿液中甲基安非他命篩檢之影響   全文下載

Interference by Drugs Contained in Over-the-counter Cold Syrups on Methamphetamine Immunoassay Test Kits Used in Drug Abuse Assessment

本計劃係針對感冒製劑成分，對尿液中甲基安非他命在免疫學分析套組試驗中所可能產生的交叉反應進行評估，以期瞭解各套組之特異性，供作選用尿液檢體初步篩選用檢測套組之參考。本計畫評估之免疫學分析套組有：AbuSign , accuPINCH, AccuSign , I.D. BLOCK, Medi-Mate, QuikPac II, SureStep及Visualine II等八種，列入評估之藥物有：aspirin, brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, clobenzorex, ephedrine, ethenzamide, guaifenesin, l-phenylephrine, methylephedrine, pheniramine, phentermine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudoephedrine及ranitidine等十四種結果顯示，ephedrine及pseudoephedrine產生交叉反應之濃皮度最低，即上述藥物於1 μg／ml時，以QuikPac II及SureStep檢測即呈陽性反應。若以藥物濃度為1000 μg／ml時，仍不呈陽性或疑似陽性反應為判定交叉反應之界限，則pseudoephedrine對八種套組均呈交叉反應。ephedrine對於AccuPINCH外之套組，均呈交叉反應。Phenylephrine對除accuPINCH, Accusign外之套姐，均呈交叉反應。Phentermine及phenylpropanolamine對除Abusign, AccuPINCH, Accusign, Medi-Mate外之套組，均呈交叉反應。phentermine及phenylpropanol amine對除Abusign, AccuPINCH, Accusign, Medi-Mate外之至組均呈交叉反應。Methylephedrine對QuikPac II，SureStep及Visualine II套組呈交叉反應，對其他不呈交叉反應。此外ethenzamide, aspirin, chlorpheniramine, pheniramine及guaifenesin對八種套組均不呈交叉反應；而brompheniramine及clobenzorex只對I. D. Block套組產生交叉反應；ranitidine對除Abusign, AccuPINCH, Accusign及Medi-Mate外之套組均呈交叉反應。"

Eight commercial methamphetamine test kits: AbuSign, accuPINCH,AccuSign, I.D. BLOCK, Medi-Mate, QuikPac II, SureStep and Visualine II were evaluated for their interferences by twelve drugs commonly found in over-the-counter cold syrups: aspirin, brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, ephedrine, ethenzamide, guaifenesin, l-phenylephrine, methylephedrine, pheniramine, phentermine, phenylpropanolamine, and pseudoephedrine; and by clobenzorex, ranitidine which have been found to interfer in some amphetamine immunoassays. These fourteen drugs were evaluated by using measured concentrations ranging from 1 mg/L to 1000 mg/L. Results indicate that ephedrine and pseudoephedrine demonstrate a significant interference in most of test kits, while most analgesics, antihistamines and antitussives show no interference with the exception of brompheniramine. Furthermore, phenylpropanolamine, phentermine, phenylephrine, ranitidine and methylephedrine all show some degree of interference in Quickpac II, SureStep and Visualline II. While accuPINCH was shown to be the most specific test kit, SureStep and QuikPac II, which produced false positive results when tested at concentrations of 1 mg/L of ephedrine or pseudoephedrine, and thus demonstrate less specificity than all the other test kits.