光譜分析法之新應用在生物醫學與藥學分析   全文下載

New Applications of Spectroscopic Methods in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Analysis: A Survey

近年來許多光譜學在生物醫學與藥學之研究與開發上，已發展為定性與定量之有利工具。它們包括紅外光譜學、核磁共振學、紫外光，可視光譜學及X－－射線光譜圖應用於分子結構之判定。本文就其原理介紹並例舉應用實例，包括紅外光譜學、核磁共振學之基本原理、生物醫學上常見之核種（1H、2H、13C、15N、19F、31P）之物性質；利用13C及15N同位素作標飾，以傅氏轉換紅外線光譜儀（FT-IR）作蛋白質與蛋白質相互間之作用研究；利用15NNMR決定N-hydroxy-N1-aminoquanidine衍生物之pKa；利用19F-NMR測定3-deoxy-3-F-D-glucose以定量晶狀體醛糖還原?之活性；兔子經ATP-MgCl2處理後，以31-P-NMR評量腎臟缺血後ATP之量及pH值；利用固態核磁共振儀分析多形體；應用二維核磁共振儀（2D-NMR）作結構判定（COSY、DOFCOSY、NOESY、HMBC、HMQC、2D-INADEQATE）；及利用紫外光可視光微分法分析Flucytosine劑型。本文希望喚起利用更多之光譜方法，以解決複雜之生物醫學與藥學上之問題。

In recent years various fields of spectroscopy have been developed into powerful tools of qualitative and quantitative analyses in biomedical and pharmaceutical research and development. These include IR, NMR, UV-visible spectroscopy and X-ray spectrography in molecular structure determination. In this survey the underlying principles and selected examples of these applications will be presented, including the fundamental equations for IR, NMR, the physical properties of common nuclei of biomedical interest e H, 2H, 13C, 15N, 19F and 31P), the use of FT-IR with 13C and 15N labeling for studying protein-protein interactions, FT-IR study of the effects of cholesterol on conformational disorder in lipid bilayers, pKa determination of N-hydroxy-N'-aminoquanidine derivatives by 15N-NMR, 19F-MR quantitation of lens aldose reductase activity using 3-deoxy-3-F-Dglucose, 31P-NMR evaluation of postischemia renal ATP and pH levels after ATP-MgCl2 treatment in rabbits, solid-state NMR in the analysis of polymorphism, applications of 2D-NMR in structural determination (e.g. COSY, DQFCOSY, NOESY, HMBC, HMQC, and 2D-INADEQUATE), and analysis of flucytosine dosage forms by derivative UV spectroscopy. It is hoped that this survey will stimulate the ever increasing applications of spectroscopic methods in solving complex biomedical and pharmaceutical problems.