論巫永福詩的「鳥獸」意象及其象徵

A Study on the Animal Imagery and Symbolism in Wu-Yong-Fu’s Poetry

巫永福中文詩計六百多首，絕大部分屬於在地吟詠。臺灣的山光水色、風土民情，一一布列；動盪的時代，變遷的社會，以至於人性的陰暗貪婪，人心的不安徬徨，皆有完整的錄寫與深刻的挖掘。巫永福習慣於透過鳥獸蟲魚草木等生物的書寫，表達邃秘難言卻又不得不發的情感。或純粹即物、詠物；或託物寓意、類比象徵，其中，動物比例遠超過植物，尤以「鳥獸」意象最為大宗。本文首先述評巫永福創作思想之淵源及語言轉折之歷程；其次，透過全面檢視巫永福詩篇，縝密整理鳥獸意象系列詩作，製表呈現之；再次，藉前表為論述之張本，分析詩之表現手法與豐富象徵，諸如藉禽鳥鳴聲，擬喻聯想；假猛獸特質，暗示托諷，以抒發感慨亂離，傾瀉憤懣不滿。最後，掘發巫永福詩作的潛流底蘊，彰顯詩作的時代意義與價值：包孕斯土斯民的隱秘心聲，飽含反抗而堅毅的民族情感；既是悲苦歲月的寫真，也是臺灣精神的隱喻。

Wu- Yong-Fu has written more than six hundred poems; most of them are praising the local lands. In his poems, the beautiful scenery, natural conditions and local customs of Taiwan are vividly displayed; and there are thorough description and investigation into the turbulent time, changing society, mental unrest of common people and even the dark side of human nature. Wu always impulsively expresses his unutterable obscure feelings through the writing of animals and plants. Sometimes he simply praises what he encounters; other times gives expression to his thoughts with allegories and symbols. Among the living things he portrays, animals account for the most, especially birds and quadruped mammals. This paper will first give a description as well as evaluation of the inspiration of Wu’s works and the process of the transition of his writing style. After an all-encompassing examination of his poems, a series of animal images and the symbols they represent are systematically listed in table to further examine Wu’s writing skills and analyze the richness of the hidden meaning. For instance, the chirping of birds is depicted figuratively, and the features of beasts are used to satirize. In his imaginative writing Wu gives vent to the sorrow over diaspora and indignation at the authorities. This paper aims to explore the most profound philosophical implications in Wu’s poems in order to manifest the meanings and values of poetry of a time through presenting to readers the inner voice of people living in the land, the ethnic solidarity with unbending will, the portrayal of a difficult time and the epitome of the spirit of Taiwan.