從授受表現探討非文法性－－「恩惠」及「非恩惠」之矛盾解釋

The Ungrammatical in the Research of Japanese Benefactive System -An Explanation of the Contradiction Between ＂Favor＂ and ＂Disfavor＂ -

關於日本語「授受表現」的教學，從包括日本的論文在內，大部分的論點是以「恩惠」作為日本語「授受表現」教學的基礎。但是在對外國學習者的日本語教學時，因為許多論文中所稱的「恩惠」都屬於個人主觀上所認定的「語意」（概念）觀念，將「授受表現」的語法功能與語意相混淆，所以用「恩惠」作為日本語「授受表現」教學的基礎，容易使外國學習者在理解日本語「授受表現」時，常以整體主觀所了解的語意作為恩惠與否的判斷進而誤認「授受表現」的恩惠完全取決於個人的語意認知結果，而否定了授受表現在語法上的意義。本篇論文認為，「恩惠」屬於授受表現的形式功能。形式屬於語法範疇不應和語意範疇混淆,這是在授受表現教學上應注意之重點也是本論文之論述之目的。"

Regarding teaching Japanese benefactive system, most o f the arguments, including Japanese thesis and papers, are based on ＂favor＂ as the foundation. However, the so-called ＂favor＂ in many thesis is a concept o f a personal subjective understanding of connotative meaning. While teaching Japanese language to foreign learners, it makes the grammatical function and connotative meaning of benefactive system hard to be distinguished. The purpose of this paper is to inspect responsible roles of grammatical forms. ＂Favor＂ is a part of the formative function of benefactive system, and may cause confusion between the connotative meaning and the grammatical function. The connotative meaning of ＂favor＂ may have no effect to the grammatical function. Therefore, forms are included in the field of grammar and should not be mixed with the field of connotative meaning. This is what needs attention when teaching Japanese benefactive system, and what this paper is arguing for.