臺灣人の日本語學習者による場所の格助詞「に」「で」「を」選択ストラテジー―文章完成タスクを資料として

Taiwanese Learners' Strategies for Acquiring the Japanese Locative Particles ni, de, and o: Analysis of a Sentence Completion Task

本研究以文章完成課題調查台灣人日語學習者（中高級）在表場所的日語助詞「ni」、「de」、「o」之習得情形。調查結果如下列三點：（1）即使是中高級程度的學習者在未特別注意格助詞的選用時，其出現誤用的情形很多（特別是「ni」）。（2）雖然「位置名詞＋ni」的過度使用情形明顯，但卻難構成名詞字串。（3）從調查結果可以觀察到學習者獨自的使用規則；具體而言，例如（a）以「ni」」表示「範圍的限定」、「事情發生的地方場所」、（b） 以「de」表示「存在」─特別是在以形容詞限定數量的情境上、（c）表行為的動詞常和「ni」」同時出現。

This paper examines the acquisition of the Japanese locative particles ni, de, and o, by Taiwanese learners using a sentence completion task. In this task, participants were presented with a compound noun such as 'Ki-no-shita' (＂under the tree＂) and asked to complete a sentence using their own words. 'Correct' sentence formation required that the appropriate locative particle. Learners at both intermediate and advanced levels displayed significant errors in their use of locative particles. Notably, learners would overuse ni, particularly in circumstances where de would be correct, whereas o was used correctly in most instances. From this, it could not be concluded that learners were making use of the strategy of unit formation. Instead, learners tended to utilize their own grammatical rules, such as the expression of region and location of event by ni instead of de, of location of existence by de instead of ni, and the collocation of some action verbs with ni.