從島木健作的《滿洲紀行》看滿洲農業移民

Agricultural Immigration of Manchu in My Journey to Manchu by Shimaki-kennsaku

島木健作是從昭和十四年的春天至夏天約兩個月去滿洲旅行，主要參觀了北滿開拓地及視察了北海道、朝鮮、中國、九州、日本東北等各地的農村。昭和十五年島木健作將所見所聞的隨筆集成『滿洲紀行』由創元社刊行。《滿洲紀行》的序裡島木健作提及，滿洲旅行的動機及目的是，想透過在北滿的日本農民的生活，觸及開拓地《滿洲國》的新國家的動向，並探究目前為止的旅行者所寫的文章裡，對在北滿的日本開拓農民的生活傳遞了多少的事實？總而言之，島木健作所關心的是日本移民或滿洲人在滿洲這個地方過著什麼樣的生活？又如何地生活這一點上。本論將探討島木健作的《滿洲紀行》裡如何描述北滿開拓農民的實際情形，藉此將島木健作作品裡的滿洲農業移民像浮現出來。

Shimaki-kennsaku went to Manchu in the 14th year of the reign of Emperor Shõwa and stayed there for two months in late spring and summer. He visited mainly the frontier of Northern Manchu and many agricultural villages in Hokkaido, Joseon, China, Kyushu, and the Northeastern part of Japan. His essay collection of My Journey to Manchu, mainly about what he saw during the trip, was published by Sogensha in the 14th year of the reign of Emperor Shõwa. In My Journey to Manchu, the author specifies the motivation and the purposes of his trip to Manchu, saying he wants to learn about the prospects of Manchukuo as a new country through exploring the lives of Japanese farmers in Northern Manchu and the frontier. He also intends to find out how much truth about the lives of those pioneering Japanese farmers in Northern Manchu had been revealed in the writings of the travelers. In general, Shimaki-kennsaku is concerned about the kind of lives the Japanese immigrants and native Manchurians have in Manchu and how they can make a living there. This paper will examine the way of life of those pioneering farmers in Northern Manchukuo as it is portrayed in My Journey to Manchu, and how the descriptions in the work reflect the reality of agricultural immigrants of Manchu.