關於日語順接條件句與-temo句的使用區別之考察－－後件為同一動詞表現的情況

A Study of the Usage of Conditionals and ＂-temo＂ Sentences: Cases of which Consequents are the Same Verb Expression

本論文將日語裡後件為同一動詞表現的順接條件句與-temo句視為對立表現，並考察其使用區別。從用例的分析歸納出三種類：第一種對立裡，不論-temo句或順接條件句皆有「反預期」的含意；順接條件句表示包含「kaette（反而）」之意的「反效果的因果關係」，而-temo句表示「muda（對於預期的實現沒有幫助）」。第二種對立裡，-temo句有「反預期」的含意，但順接條件句沒有；順接條件句表示「當然的因果關係」或「契機」，而-temo句表示「muda（對於預期的實現沒有幫助）」。第三種對立是，有些原本應該用-temo句來表現的地方，卻觀察到順接條件句的使用，那是因為將前件解釋為「（必然會發生的）確定條件」的緣故。此種對立的順接條件句表示「確定條件」，而-temo句表示「muda（對於預期的實現沒有幫助）」。

The aim of this paper is to discuss the usage of conditionals and ＂-temo＂ sentences in the cases of which consequents are the same verb expression. It can be divided into three types. (1) Both of conditionals and ＂-temo＂ sentences have the implication of ＂contrary to expectation.＂ In this type, conditionals mean ＂causal relationship of the opposite effect＂ (such as ＂kaette＂), while ＂-temo＂ sentences mean ＂muda (futility).＂ (2) Only ＂-temo＂ sentences have the implication of ＂contrary to expectation.＂ In this type, conditionals mean ＂natural causal relationship＂ or ＂kikkake,＂ while ＂-temo＂ sentences mean ＂muda (futility).＂ (3) Some sentences in which ＂-temo＂ should be used are expressed by conditionals. In this type, conditionals mean ＂when something happens,＂ while ＂-temo＂ sentences mean ＂muda (futility).＂