日本語否定接頭辭「不-、無-、非-、未-」の意味機能と共起制限

The Syntactico-Semantic Functions of theJapanese Negative Prefixes ‘fu-, mu-, hi-, mi-’and the Coocurrence Restrictions Betweenthese Negative Prefixes and their Stems

本文係湯 （2008）〈否定前綴 「不－」 的語意功能與連用限制〉的續篇。論文目的旨在針對否定前綴 「不」 與 其他否定前綴 「無－、非－、未－」 的比較與對照之下，探討這些否定前綴與其後續詞幹之間的語意關係與連用限制，並就各種否定前綴之間在意義與用法上的共通點與相異點加以條理化。論文的結構大致如下。第1節 「前言」，概述本文的研究目的與相關前人文獻。第2節 「日語否定前綴『不－、無－、非－、未－』在漢語中的原始意義與用法」，討論日語否定前綴 「不－、無－、非－、未－」 前身的漢語文言文否定詞「不、無、非、未」 的原始意義與用法。接著，連續3節來針對日語否定前綴「無－、非－、未－」 的意義與用法、以及這些否定前綴與後續詞幹之間有關詞類、音節數目或語意內容等的連用限制進行分析與討論。最後，在第6節「結語」 裡，總結本文的主要內容，並把各種否定前綴的意義與用法上的共通點與相異點予以條理化以後，論述無標的否定前綴 「不－」 如何與後續動詞或副詞的語意結合之後轉化為含有動貌或情態意義的其他否定前綴形式。

The present paper is a sequel to Tang (2008) ‘The semantic functions of the negativeprefix “fu-” and the coocurrence restrictions between the negative prefix and its stem’. Basedon the generalizations obtained by investigating the negative prefix ‘fu-’, this paper aims tocompare and contrast this negative prefix with other negative prefixes such as ‘mu-, hi-, mi-’,and further examines their syntactico-semantic functions and the occurrence restrictionsbetween these negative prefixes and their stems. Section 1 briefly introduces the purpose andthe main contents of the paper, including the conclusions obtained from the investigation ofthe negative prefix ‘fu-’. Section 2, in turn, discusses the original usage and meanings of thenegative expressions ‘fu-, mu-, hi-, mi-’ in Classical Chinese, from which the Japanesenegative prefixes ‘fu-, mu-, hi, mi-’ have been derived. Then, Section 3 throughout Section 5examine the usage and meanings of the Japanese negative prefixes ‘mu-’, ‘hi-’, ‘mi-’,respectively, with regard to the syntactic category, the number of syllables of the stems andthe syntactico-semantic functions of derived words as a whole. Finally, Section 6summarizes the main contents and conclusions of the paper.