WTO上訴機構的產生與運作研究

On the Creation and Operation of the WTO Appellate Body

WTO上訴機制在解決國際爭端和解釋國際條約等方面取得了引人矚目的成就。從上訴機構成員的組成、來源和工作方式等方面考察，上訴機構作出高質量裁決報告的原因，包括人員的高素質、負責任等主觀原因以及秘書得力、遵循先例等客觀原因。上訴機構在理論和實踐層面也存在一定問題，包括上訴機構成員的知識背景、遴選的政治考慮和連任的制度設計等。作為當今世界唯一的解決國家間爭端的上訴機制，WT0上訴機構在國際法治方面起到了示範作用，但是在理論和制度方面都有待完善。

WTO appellate body has made great achievements in resolving international disputes and interpreting international treaties. Quality reports of this body come from caliber of its members, support of professional staff and de facto stare decisis. In theoretical and practical aspects, there exist some problems for this body, including members, legal background, political considerations in selection process and consecutive terms. As the only appellate system between states, WTO Appellate Body becomes an example of international rule of law, albeit some systematic problems to be solved.