鬱症病人之靈性照護

Spiritual Care of Patients With Depression

靈性照護為全人護理重要的一環；鬱症病人在身心靈有不同程度的健康問題，特別是在急性期發作時，經常因受到身體、心理、職業功能障礙而產生自我價值、目標、態度、信念的靈性危機，然而鬱症病人的臨床照護仍僅以身體照護為主流。本文以鬱症病人為主體，闡述靈性需求與靈性照護的概念、辨識影響靈性需求的因素、靈性照護的介入與靈性照護對鬱症病人成效之實證研究等四部份，並提出本土化靈性照護優先以個人方式來進行、建立信任人際關係、依照病情進展設定不同的靈性照護目標與靈性照護內容，包括身體、心理、社會與靈性各個層面等具體建議，期許可以促進護理人員靈性照護的知能、增進護理人員在靈性照護之實踐並投入相關實證研究。

Spiritual care is a component of holistic care. Patients with depression often experience body-mind-spirit health problems and may suffer from spiritual crises, particularly during the acute stage of a diseases, due to low self-esteem, negative attitudes toward life goals, daily life issues, and beliefs caused by physical, psychological, and occupational dysfunctions. Nonetheless, psychical care is the main treatment for patients with depression. This paper focuses on patients with depression and addresses the concepts of spiritual needs and spiritual care, identifying the factors that influence spiritual needs, the essentials of spiritual intervention, and the health effects of spiritual intervention outcomes on patients with depression. Courses that teach practical spiritual interventions are recommended for nurses. These courses should address topics such as individual approaches, building trusting relationships, setting diverse goals for spiritual interventions based on disease stage, and spiritual interventions involving the body-mind-spiritual aspects for patients with depression.