齒顎矯正治療動機探討

The Study of Patients' Motivation in Orthodontic Treatment

齒顎矯正治療近年來在台灣蔚為風潮,而齒顎矯正治療動機為影響齒顎矯正治療結果之重要關鍵因素之一。回顧文獻，雖有不少研究針對求診矯正治療動機病人進行調查，大部分是西方報告，且研究方法差異大，不符台灣地區民情；因此本研究目的在了解台灣地區齒顎矯正病人接受治療的動機與理由，找出影響之相關影響因素，以供臨參考。本研究方式採問卷調查，包含病人之基本資料，矯正治療動機，同儕相處與心理層面之問題。抽樣對象隨機選自台灣地區三所區域級以上醫院之齒顎矯正科，及三所由中華民國矯正學會專科醫師所主持之矯正專科診所，於門診中採隨機依序抽樣。收集之問卷，經偵錯、建檔後，以次數分配法（frequencies distribution）分析病人之各項資料，用卡方檢定（chi-square analysis）進行分析病人背景與各項心理層面之有意義相關性（P< 0.05）。本研究回收之有效問卷共計 816份，醫院402份，診所414份。三項因子對矯正原因的影響有顯著差異，包含矯正治療的術式、接受矯正治療前的情況及接受矯正治療的原動力。十一項因子對矯正原因的影響有顯著差異，分別為年齡、職業、學歷、接受矯正治療前的情形、父親教育程度、接受矯正治療的原因、選擇矯正醫師的理由、矯正費用由誰支付、曾因外表因素（暴牙或戽斗）或齒列不整而被他人嘲笑或批評、因外表因素（暴牙或戽斗）或齒列不整而較沒有自信心及對自己在矯正前的外表或齒列的滿意程度。因此，影響矯正治療動機為多因性，包括病患本身的咬合異常、性別、年齡、職業、學歷、家庭經濟收入、父母親教育程度與態度、矯正治療時間等，因此在與病人及其家屬作矯正前之溝通解釋時，需考慮到上述因素。

Orthodontic treatment has become popular now in Taiwan, and motivation of orthodontic treatment is a key factor of treatment outcome; therefore, understanding the motivation of orthodontic patients is very important. There are many studies focusing on motivation of orthodontic patients; however, Taiwan is still lack of sufficient sample in related issue. Our study is to analyze motivations about Taiwanese to improve orthodontic treatment quality and outcome. Questionnaire survey was conducted in the department of dentistry in three different hospitals and dental clinics held by orthodontic specialist in Taiwan. The sample is randomized and the invalid questionnaires were eliminated. The patients' data was analyzed by frequencies distribution and chi-square analysis. There were 816 valid questionnaire surveys (402 hospital and 412 clinics). Three factors affecting orthodontic treatment and eleven factors affecting orthodontic motivation were found, including age, sex, occupation, the degree of father's education, situation before orthodontic treatment, malocclusion, facial profile, confidence, the degree of satisfaction of themselves before orthodontic treatment, the reason of choosing orthodontic doctors and orthodontic charge. In conclusions, factors influencing orthodontic motivation are multiple, including malocclusion, age, sex, occupation, income, attitude, and treatment time. We suggest that communication with patients and their family about these factors before orthodontic treatment.