農業試驗機構之科研演變及發展

Scientific Research Change and Development of Agricultural Research and Experiment Institution

本文從知識經濟對農業轉型談起，說明在知識經濟的影響下，影響各國政府在科技策略的管理，尤其在技術研發和績效考評兩方面產生新思維。各國政府為因應知識農業的時代，皆積極進行農業研發機構的轉型，以回應此一趨勢，如1997年荷蘭政府將農業相關機構合併為荷蘭瓦格寧根大學暨研究中心，以及日本2001年農林水產省引入獨立行政法人制度與積極扶植農業法人。本文回顧近年來國內外科技政策與農業科研制度的演變與對我國農業的意涵，並說明我國在知識經濟體系下，農業試驗單位科研的轉變及影響，並提供近年來農業研發重要的變革。最後，本文歸結近年國內外重要的趨勢，對我們農業試驗機構之科研發展提供相關之策略建議。

This paper aims to discuss the influence of knowledge-based economys on agricultural transition. Knowledge-based economy has influenced governments in the management of IT strategy, particularly in the technology research and development and performance. In response to the era of knowledge in agriculture, governments are actively engaging in the transformation of the research institution of agricultural experimentation. For instance, in 1997, the Government of the Netherlands merged agriculture-related agencies into Wageningen University and Research Center, also known as Wageningen UR. In 2001, the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, introduced an independent administrative institution system and actively support corporate agriculture. This paper reviews domestic and international science and technology policy transtitions, and discusses the meaning of these transitions to Taiwan’s agriculture. This paper outlines the important trends of the world and provides relevant policy and strategy-making recommendations to the research institution of agricultural experiment.