汽機車節油素養指標建構之研究

Construction of Fuel Saving Literacy Indictors of Vehicles

本研究目的是了解汽機車節油素養之指標，並評估其重要程度。本研究方法是藉由相關文獻與專家問卷之模糊德懷術法（Fuzzy Delphi Method）來建構與整合專家的汽機車節油素養評鑑指標，再以層級分析法（Analytical Hierarchy Process）計算各指標間的相對權重，來完成評鑑體系的建構。汽機車節油素養經產、官、學專家結論為：（1）3 個主指標的權重值由高至低，依序為節油認知（0.483）、節油技能（0.379）、節油情意（0.139）；（2）17 個次指標，以「應用」的權重值最高（0.128）；（3）52 個題目依序為「1.2.2 車輛在減輕車重負載（非原車有的配件，如加裝車頂架及車頂置物箱等）的條件下，可降低引擎負荷提高車輛燃油效率，估計可以節油減碳。」與「1.3.4 車輛輪胎保持原廠標準建議計算範圍內的胎壓，可降低磨擦阻力，減少不必要的輪胎磨耗，可以節油減碳」此結果顯示權重值最高（0.058），兩題目最重要且剛好也落在「節油認知」這最重要的指標中，也符合「節油認知」最重要。可見汽機車節油宜先從「節油認知」優先著手，是建構汽機車節油素養之主要因素，藉此可以提供汽機車使用人與負責主管機關發展汽機車節油素養教育訓練與學習之參考。

The purpose of this study is to construct the fuel saving indicators of vehicle and to assess its importance. This research method is based on the relevant literature and expert questionnaire by Fuzzy Delphi Method to construct and integrate the vehicle fuel saving indicators, and then assess their weight level by Analytical Hierarchy Process. The results include (1) the weight of the three main indicators from high to low, in order for the fuel saving awareness (0.483), fuel saving skills(0.379), fuel saving affection (0.129); (2) There are seventeen sub-indicators, with the ''application'' of the highest weight(0.128); (3) There are fifty-two questions in order, among ''1.2.2 vehicles in reducing the heavy load such as the installation of roof racks and roof containers can reduce the engine load to improve vehicle fuel efficiency. And'' 1.3.4 vehicle tires to maintain the original standard tire pressure which can reduce the friction resistance, reduce unnecessary tire wear, can save fuel'' show the highest weight(0.058). These two are the most important indicators. Also, results of this study can provide the vehicle companies and the competent authority the fuel saving literacy indictors of vehicles as reference.