整合型航空海運貨運承攬業之併裝集運與出貨規劃

Cargo Consolidation and Shipment Planning for Combined Air/Sea Freight Forwarders

本研究針對整合型航空海運貨運承攬業為對象，建構承攬業併裝集運與出貨規劃模式。模式中考量承攬業運費支出成本最小化與貨物一般化託運成本最小化為目標式，建立多目標規劃模式。針對運送人航段容量與班表不確定性，令航段容量與航班出發、抵達時間為一幅值範圍分配，建構機率限制規劃模式進行探討。在多目標規劃求解上以權重法探討貨主－－承攬業－－運送人三方對應於兩目標式間之權衡取捨關係。模式規劃求解批量合併、時間合併與路線合併之貨物併裝集運結果，亦規劃海空聯運路線。本研究成果不僅在學術上可做為承攬業整合併裝集運與出貨規劃決策問題發展之參考，在實務上亦可提供整合型貨運承攬業者之策略參考與決策支援系統開發基礎。

This study focuses on analyzing the cargo consolidation and shipment planning problems for a combined air/sea freight forwarder. This study develops a multiobjective programming model that simultaneously minimizes the total expense charged by the carriers (airlines and shipping lines) and minimizes the cargo total generalized shipping costs. The supply-side uncertainty, such as reduced capacity and schedule variation, is also formulated by using chance constraint programming model. Furthermore, the trade-offs between forwarding expense and cargo generalized shipping costs are also taken into consideration. A numerical example with selected air/sea freight forwarder networks was provided to illustrate the results and the application of the proposed models. Moreover, a group of optimal solution for cargo consolidation and shipment was determined. An optimal sea-air consolidation routing was also determined. The numerical results provided higher flexibility on shipment planning for the air/sea freight forwarding. In addition, it is envisaged that the results of this study may shed light on cargo consolidation and shipment planning decision support systems for freight forwarding.