中藥治療產後憂鬱症研究進展

Research Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Postpartum Depression

產後憂鬱症是指產婦在分娩後出現情緒低落、精神抑鬱為主要症狀的病症，臨床表現為疲乏、愛哭、孤僻、失眠、厭世悲觀、有犯罪感等。一般在產後1週開始出現症狀，產後4~6週逐漸明顯，持續6~8週，有的長達數年。本病嚴重影響產婦的身心健康及嬰幼兒情緒、智力發育和行為發展，對家庭及社會帶來一定危害，因此必須給予重視。西醫治療上運用抗抑鬱類藥物，但由於很多藥物在乳汁中濃度較高，影響母乳餵養的需求及其副作用，而傳統的中醫辨證治療在臨床上就有了一定的優勢。近年來中醫治療產後憂鬱症的研究不少，且取得了滿意的療效。文章中整理近十年來中藥治療產後憂鬱症的經驗，從辨證分治、中成藥、單味藥研究，到合併針灸及綜合治療上進行綜述，為進一步研究提供基礎。

Postpartum depression refers to the disease that happened to puerperal after childbirth, emotional depression and mental problems as the main symptoms. Fatigue, crying, autistic behaviors, insomnia, world-weary pessimism, and guilt feelings are the clinical manifestations. It usually strikes puerperas one week after delivery, becomes obvious after 4 to 6 weeks of delivery, and continues for 6 to 8 weeks; some puerperas may even suffer postpartum depression for several years. The disease seriously affects the health of mothers’ and infants’ emotional, mental, and behavioral development, which does harm to families and our society. In western medicine, they use antidepressant drugs to treat this kind of diseases; however, many drugs retain high concentrations in breast milk that affect the demand of breast feeding lets traditional Chinese medicine have certain advantages in clinical treatments. Studies of postpartum depression treatment with traditional Chinese medicine recently have revealed a lot of satisfactory results. This article collects recent experience in traditional Chinese medicine treating postpartum depression, including the dialectical treatment, medicine, single herb, combining acupuncture, and integrated treatments, which are summarized to provide a basis for further 辯research.