從對婦女的暴力到性別暴力－－由多元性別觀點檢視性侵害犯罪成因理論

From violence against women to gender-based violence: A pluralistic gender perspective on the causes of sexual assault

雖然大多數性侵害是發生在男性性侵犯加害於女性被害人的行為，但統計數字也顯示，男性及女性都可能成為性侵害的被害人與加害人。由於性別此一變項在性侵害案件中扮演相當重要角色，解釋性侵害的理論必須具備性別包容性，才有辦法將解釋對象適用到所有性別的加害人或被害人身上。鑒於國內迄今尚缺乏此方面議題有系統的論述，本文透過文獻探討方式，除透過相關研究與統計資料，說明性侵害並非僅發生於男性加害於女性的行為，藉以凸顯傳統理論在解釋性侵害犯罪成因的缺陷外，接續將進一步探討現有的理論如何能以更深入的觀點剖析性侵害案件，也將進一步探討未來的研究方向、臨床處遇和預防作為。

Although most sexual assaults are committed by male sexual assaults on female victims, statistics also show that both men and women may become victims and perpetrators of sexual assault. Since gender is a very important role in sexual assault cases, the theory of interpretative infringement must be gender-inclusive, so that the interpretation can be applied to all sex perpetrators or victims. In view of the lack of systematic discussion on this subject in Taiwan, this article, through the Study of literature and statistical data, shows that sexual assault does not occur only in male victimization of women, so as to highlight the traditional theory in interpreting the causes of sexual assault crime, The continuation will further explore how the existing theory can analyze sexual assault cases in a more in-depth perspective, and further explore the future research direction, clinical and preventive measures.