臺灣與香港中高齡者參與學習動機之比較研究

A Comparative Analysis of Middle-aged and Older Adults' Learning Motivations in Taiwan and Hong Kong

本研究目的旨在瞭解臺灣與香港中高齡者的參與學習動機，進而比較兩地的中高齡者參與學習動機之異同。本研究採用質性研究法，並以半結構式深度訪談和焦點座談的方式蒐集資料，進而採用比較研究法，以進行歸納和比較臺灣與香港高齡者參與學習的動機之異同。研究對象以45歲以上，且有積極參與學習的高齡者。臺灣與香港的研究對象各52位，共104位訪談者。研究結果顯示：1.朋友的推薦或邀約，以及想要從學習活動中結交朋友，是影響兩地大多數高齡者參與學習的動機。2.有興趣以及填補退休生活的空虛是臺港中高齡女性受訪者參與學習的重要因素。3.兩地中高齡者學習動機相異之處：臺灣中高齡者為因應生涯發展需求而學習；香港中高齡者為了終身學習，以及受到活動宣傳吸引而學習。4.臺灣男性中高齡者參與學習動機的特色是延伸興趣、發展職涯以及退休生活苦悶；香港男性則是為了打發時間。5.因好奇心、想要運動以及貢獻服務為臺灣女性中高齡者參與學習的特色。最後針對研究結果提出結論與建議，進一步提供兩地政府和教育機構於進行高齡教育方案設計之參考。

The aims of this study were to explore and analyze middle-aged and older adults蒺 learning motivations in Taiwan and Hong Kong. We adopted a qualitative approach and collected data through focus group interviews and semi-structure interviews. This study conducted a comparative method to compare and analyze the similarities and differences of middle-aged and older adults蒺learning motivations in these two areas. We selected 104 interviewees who were over 45 years and actively participated in learning activities, there were 52 from Taiwan and 52 from Hong Kong, respectively. The findings were as follows. 1. The reasons of recommendations or invitations from friends, and making friends in the learning activities were the initial learning motivations of the interviewees in Taiwan and Hong Kong. 2. The similarities of learning motivations among the female interviewees in these two areas included to be interested in the programs, and to fill up to the empty in the retirement. 3. There were different learning motivations among the interviewees in these two areas: the desire to develop career in Taiwan, and the desired to enrich life, to participate in lifelong learning, and to be attracted to the activities in Hong Kong. 4. The male interviewees in these two areas showed different learning motivations: develop career and interests, as well as feel bored of the retirement in Taiwan; however, pass the time in Hong Kong. 5. The reasons of curiosity, wondering to exercise and desiring to serve others were the features of females蒺learning motivation in Taiwan. The results of this study can provide suggestions for the governments and educational institutions in Taiwan and Hong Kong while designing the older adult educational programs.