引導式複合電子氣閥設計與測試

Design and Test for a Bypss-Type Hybrid Electromagnetic Valve with Optimal Armature Release

本研究探討對稱性雙永久磁鐵和電磁鐵之引導式複合電子氣閥之最適外型及尺寸，該電子氣閥的特色為可取代傳統凸輪驅動汽門的設計，透過電磁驅動可使引擎有連續性的汽門正時。此永久磁鐵與電磁鐵複合式設計有別於過去曾經被發展的電子氣閥技術，過去的技術需使電磁線圈持續通電才能維持氣閥開啟或關閉，因此有能量消耗大的問題。本研究使用之複合式設計可利用永久磁鐵提供汽門開啟或關閉時的氣閥維持力，並利用順向引導式磁路的電磁鐵技術釋放氣閥，同時可避免逆向抵消式磁路設計有永久磁鐵退磁的問題。本研究針對引導式複合電子氣閥釋放時，提供順向引導磁路功能之導磁通道外型及尺寸進行設計，藉由磁路分析軟體模擬電子氣閥於通電前後之導磁能力與電樞吸附力變化，提出同時能提升電樞吸附力達418.6 N，釋放降幅達68%之設計，並以實體測試證實引導式磁路運用於電子氣閥釋放設計之可行性。

This paper discusses the adjustment of shape and dimension for aforward bypassed hybrid engine electromagnetic valve (EMV) with symmetricdual permanent and electrical magnets. This hybrid EMV isdesigned to replace conventional cam-driven engine mechanical valves inorder to provide continuous variable valve timing. This hybrid EMV alsoimproves the drawbacks of large energy consumption for actuating electromagneticcoils to keep valves open or closed in conventional EMVs. Another innovative technique in this new hybrid EMV is forward bypassedmagnetic flux for releasing armature, which can prevent the permanentmagnet being demagnetized.The shape and dimension of the guiding electromagnetic core, whichprovides the function of bypassed magnetic flux, were discussed. Thearmature holding force was investigated by the analysis of magnetic field.Results show that the final EMV design can increase armature holdingforce to 418.6 N, while has 68% force reduction to release armature. Thearmature release by the bypassed guiding core is also tested and verified.