精密非金屬切削用之研磨鑽頭CAM程式開發

Development of CAM Program for Precision Grinding Drills of Non-metallic Cutting

CNC工具磨床的關鍵技術包含結構設計與分析、機構設計與運動分析、機電整合技術、振動模態分析、刀具CAD/CAM程式設計、控制系統設計等全方位技術的整合。過去用以研磨非金屬切削用刀具之傳統工具磨床，採分段研磨方式，因而喪失了部分捨棄式刀片的精度，由於刀具的刀刃幾何形狀複雜，以傳統工具磨床研磨，不但調整費時而且困難，而從事刀具研磨的相關業者是相當保守且封閉，較詳細且實用刀具研磨技術文獻都是公司的know-how，相當不容易取得。因此，本文是配合鼎維公司開發一台PC-based四軸CNC工具磨床作為精密非金屬切削用的捨棄式刀片再研磨，首先探討刀具的幾何關係，以分析完整木工刀研磨程序與研磨時之路徑走向，並利用物件導向程式語言建構一套木工刀具研磨CAM系統，在設定適當的研磨參數條件下，找出最佳的研磨點與順序，最後藉由刀具3D模擬，研磨出正確的刀具並達到安全的加工程序。對於自行生產國內外無類似機種之PC-based四軸精密工具磨床，將可增加鼎維公司在國內外市場的競爭力，並帶動上、中、下游的技術提昇與競爭力。

The key know-how for CNC tool grinders is the successful and all-embracing integration of technologies such as structure design and analysis, mechanism design and kinematic analysis, mechatronics, vibration-mode analysis, CAD/CAM software design for tools, and control system design. In the past, the conventional tool grinders used for sharpening tools of non-metallic materials used a step-sharpening method. This sometimes resulted in undesirable degrading of precision for disposable cutters. The geometry of a cutting edge is so complicated that it is difficult and time-consuming to obtain the optimal procedures using conventional tool grinders. This has caused manufacturers to retreat to a conservative attitude toward developing this technology. Nowadays, more detailed and useful know-how is possessed by major foreign manufacturers, and is difficult to acquire. Therefore, this paper's purpose is to develop a PC-based four-axis tool grinder for resharpening disposable cutters for precisely cutting non-matallic materials in cooperation with the TOP-Work company. In order to analyze the entire grinding procedures and paths of woodworking tools, the geometrical relationship of tools is researched first. And further, we apply object-oriented programming language to construct a computer-aided manufacturing system for grinding woodworking tools. The system can find the optimal grinding point and procedures by setting suitable grinding parameters. Finally, we can grind tools correctly and safely after 3D simulation of tools. A novel PC-based four-axis tool grinder that did not exist before is developed independently. More importantly, the market competitiveness of the TOP-Work company is strengthened. This also brings forth promotion of technology as well as market competitiveness for the corresponding upstream, midstream, and downstream manufacturers.