模組化超音波離合器之研製

Design and Implementation of Ultrasonic Clutch Module

本文探討模組化超音波離合器之設計、組裝與性能測試，此離合器係由兩個壓電振動子及其它相關元件所組成。首先，針對超音波氣浮理論、超音波離合器工作原理及交流電路設計與分析進行研究與討論。當兩振動子均未施加交流電源時，則兩振動子之輻射面會呈現耦合現象，以及馬達扭矩可以被傳遞至負載端。當至少有一振動子施加交流電源激勵時，則兩振動子之輻射面會呈現分離現象，以及馬達扭矩無法被傳遞至負載端。其次，完成超音波離合器之機構設計與組裝及測試系統架構，其中測試系統係由超音波離合器、驅動馬達、機械負載、供電系統、轉速量測系統及其它相關裝置所組成。最後，探討壓電振動子在共振操作時之端電流振幅、共振頻率與交流電源振幅之關係，以及探討壓電振動子在共振操作時之端電流振幅對機械負載轉速之影響。

This study investigates the design, construction and performance test of an ultrasonic clutch module. This module includes two piezoelectric vibrators and other components. Relying on an ultrasonic levitation theorem, operating principles of the ultrasonic clutch module and the design and analysis of an AC circuit are first expressed. Then, the radiation surfaces of the vibrators are coupled with each other so as to transport a twisted torque from a driving motor to a driven mechanical load if the vibrators are not energized by AC power. These radiation surfaces are also separated from each other so as not to transport the twisted torque from the driving motor to the mechanical load if at least one of the vibrators, under resonance conditions, is energized by AC power. Moreover, both a mechanism for the ultrasonic clutch module and an experimental setup for testing the ultrasonic cultch module are designed and constructed. The experimental setup consists of the ultrasonic clutch module, the driving motor, the mechanical load, an electrical power supply system, a speed measuring system and other devices. Finally, relationships between amplitudes of terminal currents, resonance frequencies and amplitudes of electrical sine sources for the vibrator under resonance conditions are measured, and effects of amplitudes of terminal currents in the vibrator under resonance conditions on rotational speeds of the mechanical load are discussed.