冷氣機裝置容量之評估

AN EVALUATION OF AIR CONDITIONER CAPACITY

台灣電力公司對負載管理的六項措施中，有三項措施是針對空調系統做適當管理。可見佔台電發電量約百分之三十五的冷氣機用電量是不容忽視的。如依往常習慣，用每坪面積乘以0.15冷凍噸的計算方式來選擇冷氣機的容量，常會造成用電量增加，形成電力公司與用戶的負擔。當考慮空間大小與熱源效應之影響，慣用之冷凍噸的方式計算，更不能適用在實際場所之應用。本文首先提出，有效的管理冷氣機負載，應該從最基本的冷氣房間做起；對欲裝置冷氣機之場所，藉著涵蓋空間與熱源效應之可靠的數學模式，模擬出合適的冷氣機容量，以進行安裝設置，其結果可供電力公司與用戶的參考。

There are six load management rules at Taiwan power company (TPC), however, for more appropriate load control, three of the six rules are focused on air conditioner systems. Since air conditioners consume about 35 percent of the total power distributed by TPC, the importance of handling the former cannot be neglected nowadays. The capacity of an air conditioner system is commonly defined as the room area multiplied by a factor of 0.15 RT (Refrigeration Ton), but this would result in an increase of power consumption, and would also burden TPC and users. It is because the method with 0.15 RT does not consider the effects of thermal sources and room-size, and cannot account for real applications. It is known if an air conditioner load is to be effectively managed, a room equipped with an air conditioner should be well managed first. In this paper, a mathematical model considering thermal sources and room-size effects is proposed to evaluate the capacity of air conditioner systems in equipped rooms. The simulation results show this model can provide more real reference resources for TPC and users during air conditioner installation.