迷你營養評估量表應用於老人營養狀況調查－－以高雄市某老人公寓為例

The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) Used in Screening Nutritional Status of Elderly – A Case Study of Selected Senior Apartment in Kaohsiung City

老人是最需要照護的一群，已開發國家每年在老人健康照護上的支出已成為政府財政上沉重的負擔；營養不良常見於銀髮族，且營養不良與死亡率及罹病率有相當的相關性。沒有單一種營養檢測指標能夠表現出營養不良狀況，故應儘量收集各種營養檢測指標。本研究目的主要利用營養評估工具來評估營養狀態，且確認和老人營養不良的相關因子。以高雄市某老人公寓為受試者，共收案128位受試者，並對這些受試者進行迷你營養評估(Mini NutritionalAssessment, MNA)、日常活動功能量表(Activities of Daily Living, ADL)、工具性日常活動功能量表(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, IADL)、二十四小時飲食回憶記錄(24-hour dietary recall)、簡易智能評估量表(Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE)、人體測量和血液生化檢驗。本研究顯示MNA量表對於老人公寓的營養評估，有相當顯著的價值。藉由各種營養檢測指標與MNA可提高評估老人在營養狀況測量結果的敏感性和專一性，能有效確認營養不良的狀態，並給予適當的營養介入改善營養不良狀況，以促進老人趨向健康。

The elderly people are the group whom need the care necessarily. The annual spending on health care for the elderly people has become a heavy burden on government finances in the developed countries. The malnutrition is common in senior citizens, which is closely correlated with morbidity and mortality. There is no single nutritional index can predict malnutrition status. Therefore, nothing is more important than to collect various kinds of nutritional index. The aims of this study are to evaluate nutritional status using variable methods and to identify the risk factors associated with poor nutritional status of the elderly people living in a senior apartment in Kaohsiung City. We enrolled 128 elderly from a senior apartment, assessed with Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), 24-hour dietary recall, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), anthropometric measures and biochemical analysis. Our study demonstrated that MNA shows a significant role on nutritional assessment in elderly living in a Senior apartment.